Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research

Changes of Soil Microbial Characteristics and Nutrient Content in Sandy Soil Under Drip Irrigation System

Maybelle Gaballah — 2024-11-22

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in soil bacteria when using the bio fertilizers such as; azotobacter, bacillus circullans and bacillus megaterium in sandy soils across varied numbers of cultivated years using drip irrigation. Drip irrigation had a significant effect on bacterial levels. The biological qualities of the soil improved significantly as the number of years planted under drip irrigation rose. After two years of cultivation, the bacterial levels increased 102 times more than on uncultivated ground. The vertical direction, the number of bacterial colonies reduced as soil depth increased. The Bio-fertilizer treatment improved soil fertility more than any other therapy. The average total N, total P, and total K in 0-45 cm soil layers rose to 29.17, 26.67, and 36.7%, respectively. The soil environment was considerably improved, with significant positive relationships between bacterial, phosphate, and urea activity, as well as significant negative correlations with Ece and pH. We anticipate that soil microbial properties in drip-irrigated sandy soils will improve after 6-7 years of cultivation.

Fortification of Milkfish Bone Flour (Chanos chanos) and Seaweed Flour (Sargassum sp.) on Tortilla Chips as a Calcium Foods

Fiona Bayun Probowati — 2024-11-22

Tortilla chips are one of the typical snacks that come from Mexico, and have a shape like chips made from corn. The level of public awareness of the need for milk consumption is indeed very low. Alternative foods with calcium are snacks by fortification. Calcium intake in the recommended range is between 800-1200 mg per day. This study aims to determine the combination of milkfish bone flour and Sargassum sp. with different concentrations of tortilla chips as a calcium food. This study was experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. The treatment in this study was the concentration variation of the combination of milkfish bone flour and Sargassum sp. seaweed. (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%). Analysis of the organoleptic test data used the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney advanced test while the chemical test used the ANOVA test and Duncan's advanced test. The results showed that there was a significant influence (P<0.05) on the best results of the organoleptic test and calcium test on tortilla chip products.

Screening of Soybean Varieties against Salinity stress at an Early Vegetative Growth Stage under Hydroponic Conditions

Annisa Fauziah — 2024-11-24

Salinity is a principal environmental severe stress that significantly threatens crop production, including soybeans. It considerably affects various plant growth and physiological traits at different soybean growth stages, especially in coastal areas. However, the high soil pH in these regions presents a challenge. In this study, we screened two soybean varieties using an easy and rapid, and inexpensive screening technique. This study aimed to select soybean tolerance salinity stress in the early vegetative growth stage under hydroponic culture. The study was meticulously done with a randomized complete block design comprising two factors (varieties and NaCl) with three replications. Two soybean varieties, i.e., â€˜Gepak Kuning and Dering 1â€™, were tested at three NaCl levels, i.e., 0, 60, and 120 mM. The results showed that each type of plant behaved differently to each stress level. The stress of 60 mM revealed that the Dering 1 variety was tolerant, whereas the Gepak Kuning variety was only somewhat tolerant. In conclusion, the Gepak Kuning variety was tolerant to 60 mM salinity stress, while the Dering 1 variety showed 60 mM and 120 mM salinity tolerance. These results will help select the most tolerant varieties to develop salinity-tolerant varieties in the future.

Evaluation of Production, Boron and Flavonoid Content of Shallot in the Lowlands Through the Application of Boron and Benzyl Amino Purine

Anas Muhtarom Kusriarmin — 2024-11-29

Boron is a micro nutrient that plays a role in strengthening cell walls, increase growth and production of shallot optimally. Benzyl amino purine (BAP) is a synthetic cytokinin that responds to plant growth and development, regulates flowering, and stimulates cell division of shallot. This research aims to identify the production and content of boron in shallots. The study was conducted in the lowlands and a factorial randomized block design was used. Boron (0, 2, 4, and 6 kg boric acid/ha) was used as the first factor and BAP (0, 100, and 200 ppm) was used as the second factor. The research used Bima Brebes as shallot variety. The research result showed that boron application of 2 kg boric acid/ha increased the number of tillers, fresh weight of shallot bulb and flavonoid content. Application of 200 ppm of BAP increased significantly the number of tiller. In view of aftereffects of the orthogonal polynomial and regression tests, it was found that the optimum Boron dose 2.695 kg of boric acid/ha produced the highest dry weight of shallot 23.661 g, the dry weight of shallot bulbs increased by 14.23% compared to without Boron application.

Morphometric and Bathymetric Characteristics and Trophic Status of Silosung Lake, Lintong Nihuta District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra Province

Ahmad Muhtadi — 2024-12-02

Lakes can form naturally through natural events or artificially through human activities. Silosung Lake is a natural lake in Siponjot Village, Lintong Nihuta District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency. Lake morphometry refers to the physical characteristics of the lake body, while bathymetry refers to the measurement and mapping of the topographic conditions of the lake bottom. It is essential to know the morphometric and bathymetric characteristics and trophic status of the lake to achieve sustainable lake management. This study aims to determine the characteristics of bathymetry, morphometry, and tropic status of Lake Silosung. This research was conducted in July 2023. The data collection in this study includes lake perimeter data, lake depth data, lake length and width data, and lake water quality data. This research indicates that Silosung Lake has an area of 104,806.6 mÂ² with a lake perimeter length of 1,573.5 m, a maximum length of 474.53 m, and a maximum width of 420.62 m. The maximum depth is 17 m, the average depth is 10.09 m, the relative depth is 7.9% with an average slope of 15.9%, the compensation depth is 4.32 m, and the Shoreline Development Index (SDI) value is 2.74. The Morpho Edapic Index (MEI) value is 2.88. Silosung Lake has a lake water volume of 1,057,108.6 mÂ³. The average Tropic State Index (TSI) value is 15.71, indicating that the trophic status of Silosung Lake is oligotrophic, meaning its productivity is low.

Analysis of the Effect of Palm Oil Productivity on Indonesian Palm Oil (CPO) Supply Chain Management 2015-2021 Through Government Policy as a Mediation Variable

Pretty Luci Lumbanraja — 2024-12-12

Supply chain management is important for palm oil companies so it is necessary to analyze the capacity and quality of trading actors, analysis related to control and distribution. So that production output supply chain mapping can be carried out to ensure production, distribution and marketing systems are effective and efficient. This research aims to determine the influence of palm oil productivity measurement variables on palm oil supply chain management through government policy as an intervening variable. This research is exploratory in nature using inferential analysis techniques. Information used in the time setting framework for the 2015-2021 period. This research uses simple linear regression statistical data analysis with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the alternative Partial Least Square (PLS) method. The research results show that the influence of palm oil productivity is significantly positive on government policy (0.000) < (0.05) with an estimated magnitude of 0.552. And the influence of government policy is significantly positive on supply chain management (0.000) < (0.005) with an estimated magnitude of 0.834. In this case, there is a positive and significant influence of palm oil productivity on supply chain management through government policy.

The Impacts of Extensive Agricultural Investment on Local Livelihood Income in Western Ethiopia

Negatu Ararso — 2024-12-12

In western Ethiopia, large-scale agricultural investment has been growing, but its effects on local livelihood incomes have received less attention. This study investigates the impact of extensive agricultural investment on local livelihood incomes in Sibu Sire District, western Ethiopia. A total of 180 households were selected using simple random sampling. Descriptive statistics such as t-test, ANOVA, and Chi-square test were employed for data analysis. The results showed that there was a significant difference in household livelihood income prior-investment expansion among the three groups (F2, 178 = 17.41; P = 0.001), whereas there was no significant difference among the 3 groups post-investment expansion (F2, 177 = 0.9; P = 0.9). There was also no significant difference in social service provision among the groups. Regarding technology transmission, the respondents revealed that there was no significant difference among the groups. The study found that insiders (84.4%), outsiders (91.7%), and the control group (100.0%) had not introduced new technology. Moreover, crops and animal production by insiders and outsiders decreased compared to the control group. Therefore, the study suggests that the government needs to improve investment policy and make interventions to improve local socio-economic conditions in the area.