Journal of Chemical Natural Resources

Analysis of River Water Quality in Medan Belawan Regency based on the Diversity Index of Aquatic Insects as an Effort to Improve the Health of River Ecosystems from Heavy Metal Contamination (Ni)

2025-03-13T02:30:37+07:00

Heavy metals are often found in river water polluted by industrial processes. To separate heavy metals from river water, blood clam shells (Anadara granosa) are used as adsorbents. This study aims to analyze the determination of Belawan river water pollution based on the Aquatic Insect Diversity Index and analyze the content of heavy metal (Ni) in waste by utilizing blood clam shell waste as an adsorbent. The method used is solid phase extraction. Based on the diversity index data, the condition of the Belawan River waters in the Control area is not polluted (H' 2.18), Settlement Area 1 is lightly polluted (H' 1.94), Settlement Area 2 is lightly polluted (H' 1.70), Industrial Area 1 is moderately polluted (H' 1.47), and Industrial Area 2 is lightly polluted (H' 1.7). The percentage of heavy metal (Ni) absorption in Residential Area 1, Residential Area 2, Industrial Area 1, and Industrial Area 2 were respectively 28.57%, 33.33%, 31.11%, and 34.38%. This shows that blood cockles (Anadara granosa) are able to absorb Ni metal up to 34.38%. Ni levels < 0.05 mg/L so it can still be used (PP No. 22 of 2021).

Phytochemical Screening, Determination of Total Phenolic Contents and Total Flavonoid Contents of Pod Purified Extract from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.

2025-03-13T02:35:27+07:00

Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. is traditionally used in medicine and is thought to be influenced by the presence of secondary metabolites, especially phenolic compounds and flavonoids. However, identifying the phytochemical compounds of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. plants, especially on the pods, are less discussed. Here, we propose research on the identification of secondary metabolite compounds of pod-purified extract from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. using phytochemical screening and also the determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid content. The extraction of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. pods were processed by maceration and fractionation methods to obtain the purified extract. Total phenolic contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Meanwhile, total flavonoid contents were determined using the AlCl₃ method. The result showed that the purified extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. pods contained phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins. The total phenolic and total flavonoid content in the pod purified extract were 326.038 mg GAE/g extract and 290.026 mg QE/g extract, respectively.