Journal of Technomaterial Physics

Physical Properties of Polymer Concrete Utilizing Pahae Natural Zeolite, Corn Husk Fiber, and Polyurethane Resin Adhesives

Awan Maghfirah — 2024-02-29

This study aimed to determine the optimum composition in the manufacture of polymer concrete using Pahae natural zeolite, corn husk fiber, and polyurethane resin adhesives. This study used the hot-press method at 170℃ for 30 minutes. The compositions of zeolite and corn husk fiber tested were varied under three different additions of polyurethane resin of 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g, while the composition of sand was fixed at 60 g. The inclusion of corn husk fiber content reduces the density of the concrete and increases the porosity and water absorption. The physical properties analysis showed that the polymer concrete samples showed the highest density was 1.89 g/cm3 from 20 g of polyurethane resin and no addition of corn husk fiber; the highest porosity was 6.15% from 15 g of polyurethane resin and 10 g of corn husk fiber; and the highest water absorption was 5.85% from 15 g of polyurethane resin and 10 g of corn husk fiber. Because improved material quality and durability are linked to reduced water absorption rates in polymer concrete, the most favorable composition with minimal water absorption (0.51%) came from the sample utilizing 20 grams of polyurethane resin without incorporating corn husk fiber.

Manufacturing and Characterization of Composite Boards from Corn Husk Fiber, Water Hyacinth Fibers, and Sawdust Using Epoxy Resin

Erna Frida — 2024-02-29

Composite board has been made with corn husk fiber (CHF), water hyacinth fiber, and wood sawdust using epoxy resin as an adhesive. The composition of each fiber
was varied, and physical tests (density, porosity, water absorption, and thickness expansion) and mechanical tests (modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and compressive strength) were carried out, and microstructure was analyzed using SEM-EDX. The results of testing the physical and mechanical
properties with optimum results were density of 1.03 g/cm3, porosity of 10.48%, water absorption capacity of 10.22%, thickness expansion of 2.91%, MOR 256.05
kgf/cm2, MOE 228 kgf/cm2 and compressive strength of 3.19 MPa. The results showed that the physical (porosity, absorption, and thickness expansion) and mechanical (MOR and compressive strength) tests met the standards of SNI 03-2105-2006, while the MOE test did not meet the standards. For density testing, it complies with SNI 01-4449-2006 standards. The composite board can be used as a substitute for wood for furniture materials.

Electrochemical Performance of Na2Mn3O7 as a Cathode Material in Sodium-Ion Batteries Using the Precipitation Method with Ethylene Glycol Chelating Agent

Achmad Subhan — 2024-02-29

Tests were conducted on Na₂Mn₃O₇ as a cathode material in sodium-ion batteries, aiming to synthesize Na₂Mn₃O₇precursor using commercial and synthetic MnCO₃variants. Sample A utilized commercial MnCO₃, while sample B utilized MnCO₃synthesized from MnSO₄.1H₂O and Na₂CO₃. Both variants were mixed with Na₂CO₃ to form Na₂Mn₃O₇ precursor, which was then sintered at 700°C for 4 hours, ground, and sieved. A slurry was prepared by mixing the active materials PVDF: Super P in an 8:1:1 ratio with 3.5 mL of NMP. Sample A exhibited a conductivity of 3.4706×10^-7 S/cm, and sample B had a conductivity of 2.7304×10^-7 S/cm in the EIS results. In the CV test, sample A showed oxidation and reduction peaks at 2.77 V and 1.62 V, respectively, while sample B had peaks at 2.842 V and
1.716 V. In the CD test, sample A reached maximum and minimum peaks of 4.3 V and 1.4 V, while sample B reached peaks of 4.2 V and 1.3 V. Sample A exhibited a capacity of 117.02 mAh/g on charge and 93.47 mAh/g on discharge, whereas sample B showed capacities of 79.17 mAh/g on charge and 65.79 mAh/g on discharge. These results indicate the superior performance of sample A over sample B.

Comparing Energy Harvesting Efficiency between Solar Panels: Tracking the Sun vs Ground-Mounted 40 WP Panels

Kurnia Brahmana — 2024-02-29

This experiment aimed to evaluate the energy efficiency of a solar tracking panel compared to a ground-fixed solar panel. A 40 WP solar panel with a time-tracking mechanism was used to monitor the sun's movement from morning to evening, while a static 40 WP ground-fixed solar panel was also studied for comparison.The study also included the energy consumption of a 12 V DC motor responsible for orienting the tracking panel to face the sun. Throughout the day, the tracking panel's position was continuously adjusted to align with the sun's position, facilitated by a microcontroller and a gyroscope. The energy consumed by the motor during the tracking process was accounted for. The net energy output of the tracking panel was computed by subtracting the energy expended in tracking from the total energy collected. Following the experimentation, the collected data was analyzed to determine the energy efficiency of the tracking panel in contrast to the ground-fixed panel. The findings revealed that the tracking panel exhibited a 15 percent increase in energy efficiency compared to the ground-fixed panel. These results emphasize the potential benefits of solar tracking technology in optimizing energy capture from solar panels. The implications of these findings are valuable for advancing the design and implementation of solar energy systems, offering increased efficiency and sustainability.

Analysis and Characterization of Fe3O4/Silica Composite from Rice Husk Ash

Susilawati Susilawati — 2024-02-29

In this investigation, Fe₃O₄/Silica composites were synthesized from rice husk ash utilizing the coprecipitation technique, aiming to elucidate the influence of varied
heating temperatures on the surface morphology and elemental composition of the composites. Comprehensive characterizations were conducted employing Fourier
Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). These analyses unveiled a heterogeneous distribution
of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and affirmed the amorphous characteristic of the silica constituent, with the XRD results prominently displaying a broad peak at approximately 2θ = 38°, signifying the amorphous nature. Despite the alterations in heating temperatures, SEM observations indicated a negligible effect on the nanoparticles' surface morphology, whereas notable variations were discerned in
their elemental composition. The outcomes of this study provide insightful contributions to the understanding of the structural properties of Fe₃O₄/Silica composites, suggesting avenues for refining synthesis methodologies for enhanced environmental and technological utilization.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Mechanical Properties of AISI 1045 Carbon Steel

Moraida Hasanah — 2024-02-29

Research on the effect of of annealing temperature variations on the mechanical properties of AISI 1045 carbon steel has been conducted by varying the annealing temperatures. The samples used in this study had a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 30 mm. Since AISI 1045 steel is very important in the manufacturing industry, extensive research and development. This study aims to analyze the microstructure formed during the annealing process at different temperatures, to determine the impact of annealing temperature on the hardness values of AISI 1045 steel, and to evaluate the corrosion rate of the steel. The samples were heated in a furnace for 1 hour at temperatures of 250°C, 500°C, 750°C, and 1000°C. After removal from the furnace, the samples were returned to room temperature. Subsequently, hardness tests, corrosion rate tests, and microstructural observations were conducted using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results indicated that a hardness of 119.3 HRC could be achieved at 500°C, and a corrosion rate of 0.0014 mm/y could be achieved at 1000°C. The values obtained from these tests, supported by the SEM observations, suggest that AISI 1045 carbon steel exhibits good mechanical properties after the annealing process.

Analysis of the Surface Matrix of Copper Cable in Jointing as the Effect of Increasing Current and Heating on Fire Application

Supriedi Hasugian — 2024-02-29

This research aims to analysis of the surface matrix of copper cable in jointing as the imfluence of increasing current and heating on fire experiment. The investigation makes it easier to observe parts of its material of the surface matrix changes of copper cable in jointing as increasing of heating. The study was observed the material surface of general requirements for electrical installations (PUIL) jointed cables and standard NYA ø 1.5 mm2 cables at current load of 50 A and 110A using HIROX digital microscope, XRF (X-ray fluorescence), Raman spectroscopy, and fluke infrared thermometer (FLIR). The results of the study were obtained that the PUILsample jointing heat cable reached of 201^oC and 1087^oC with heat standard cable of 25.6^oC. The copper cable will melt when the cable reached in over heating of 1080^oC that it caused the deformation of the cross-sectional area of the cable which are observed in changes in the surface matrix of the burned cable structure. This research can be used as scientific basic for inverstigating the caused of fires and the heat maximum application on the cables.

Identification of Rock Characteristics Using the Microtremor Inversion Method at Air Putih Geothermal Field, Lebong Regency

M Taufiqurrahman Syah — 2024-02-29

Research has been carried out to identify rock characteristics based on Vs values using the microtremor method in the Air Putih geothermal field, Lebong Regency, which aims to determine the geothermal prospect area on rock characteristics using Vs values based on the microtremor method. The data obtained in this study were 20 measurement points obtained from data analysis by obtaining the H/V curve through Geopsy software and HVSR inversion to obtain the Vs value of the inverse. The results of this calculation indicate that at a depth of 0-4 meters the homogeneous Vs value 200 m/s, at a depth of 4 meters the Vs value 200-440 m/s, at a depth of 20 meters the value of Vs 440 -880 m/s and a depth of 20 meters homogeneous Vs value of 880 m/s and for the distribution of Vp values, at a depth of 0-5 meters the Vp values vary between 2000-2900 m/s, at depths of 6-20 meters in general the value of the Vp wave velocity is the same in the range of 3100-3800 m/s and at depth 21-100 meters the Vp value ranges from 3900-5100 m/s. This shows that the greater the depth, the denser the rock.

Mapping Flood-Prone Areas Using GIS Through as Geo-Artificial Intelligence (Geo-Ai) Approach in Bengkulu City

Agnes Apriana — 2024-02-29

Bengkulu City is an area prone to flooding due to its proximity to the river estuary. Flooding in Bengkulu City usually occurs during the rainy season, when high rainfall and overflowing rivers can cause inundation in several areas around the city. This research aims to identify flood-prone areas in Bengkulu City through a Geographic Artificial Intelligence (Geo-AI) approach. Geo-AI is an artificial intelligent machine with geospatial data, including satellite images and weather data, whose data analysis is more accurate and efficient in identifying flood-prone areas. Geographic Information System (GIS) can present objects of flood-prone areas from the real world in digital form. Through Google Earth Engine (GEE), satellite imagery data and other geospatial data are processed and analyzed using artificial intelligence algorithms to identify flood patterns and frequently flooded areas. The final result of this research is a map of flood-prone areas in Bengkulu City. On the map, it can be concluded that the red-colored areas including Rawa Makmur, Tanjung Agung, Bentiring, Kebun Tebeng, Penurunan, Sukarami, Pekan Sabtu, and Air Sebakul are areas that are often flooded so that these areas can be confirmed as flood-prone.

Delineation of Coal Identification Using Inversion Microtremor and Borehole at PT X

Nurul Ilmi Rahmawati — 2024-02-29

Coal is a natural resource composed of organic and inorganic materials. The potential of coal is one of the national and world resources. Microtremor method is a geophysical exploration method that utilises microseismic waves to identify the presence of hydrocarbons. Microtremor data processing is processed first using Geopsy software to obtain the H/V curve which will then be processed using Hv-Inv software to obtain the Vs value. Microtremor data is correlated with data from the borehole, the coal seam thickens to the southwest. Similarly, with the correlation results of other microtremor cross sections, the cross section shows that the coal seam is thickened and continuous to the west or southwest. This is further strengthened by the existence of boreholes as a correlation of coal Vs value data in the range of 613.37 m/s-887.70 m/s. Other constituent materials such as soil,
claystone, sandstone, carboneseus. Based on the Vs value of the 1D model, it is known that the research area shows the distribution of coal at a depth of 53.5-76 metres. The coal layer in the study area is bituminous to sub-bituminous coal.