Journal of Sylva Indonesiana

The Fungal Development During The Leaf Litter Process Decomposition of Avicennia marina

Yunasfi — 2023-09-03

The existence of mangrove ecosystems decreases from land conversion into residential areas, industries, plantations, road facilities and the construction of ponds. This research was conducted in the mangrove forest area of Secanang Belawan Village, Medan, at the Biotechnology Laboratory of the Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, USU and at the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, USU Medan. The study's objective was to identify the different fungal species that were present at 10 ppt salinity levels, 10–20 ppt, and 20–30 ppt as well as the pace at which Avicennia marina leaf litter. The research method used litter bags filled with leaf litter of Avicennia marina (50 g) with 7 treatments, 3 replications and 3 levels of salinity. The A. marina leaf litter that had a salt level of 10 ppt had the highest level of decomposition. The dry weight of leaf litter left in the litter bag, which is 4.92 g on average. The largest dry weight of the remaining litter was found in an environment with a salinity of 20 – 30 ppt, which is an average of 10.42 g. The rate of decomposition of A. marina leaf litter in an environment with a salt level greater than 30 ppt is 6.53/yr (or almost equal to residence period of = 0.15 yr). The number of fungal species discovered in the leaf litter of A. marina, which goes through a breakdown process at salinity levels between 0 and 10 ppt and contains 9 species, is another way to observe the impact of salt level. In comparison to the large at salinity levels of 10 to 20 ppt and 20 to 30 ppt, respectively, there were populations of fungus that underwent the process of decomposition in A. marina leaf litter, with an average of 5.99 x 102 cfu/ml and 5.5 x 102 cfu/ml, the fungal population that was the highest concentration was 10.72 x 102 cfu/ml

The RPUF Composite’s Physical and Mechanical Properties with Ramie Stem Particle Reinforcement

Rihab Stafian Nisa — 2024-02-26

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is a common insulation material that has low thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties. The qualities of RPUF may be enhanced by adding natural fiber reinforcing. The purpose of this work is to examine how the mechanical and physical characteristics of RPUF composite are affected by the amount of ramie stem particles present. Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5908-2003 is the basis for the mechanical test (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, compressive strength, internal bond) and the physical test (density, moisture content, water absorption). The study's findings suggest that the physical properties of the RPUF composite were affected by the addition of ramie particles for reinforcement. The density increase in particle content 2.5% – 7.5% range, is not statistically significant. The MC and WA increased statistically significantly. The values of MOE and MOR were not significantly different. In fact, with the addition of 2.5% and 5% ramie particles, the compressive strength value was higher than the RPUF composite without ramie particle filler. Then overall, the IB value was increased by increasing the ramie particles in the RPUF composite. The addition of 2.5-5% ramie particles into the RPUF composite showed optimum results in mechanical properties. Thereby, the addition of ramie particles in the RPUF composite means reducing the use of polyurethane. Therefore, it can reduce production costs. Then the product is more environmentally friendly

Effect of Heat Treatment on Color Change and The Physical Properties of Sembilang Bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro)

Nurhanifah — 2024-02-26

Timber as a raw material for making furniture is still lacking. One alternative to overcome this problem is bamboo. The potential for bamboo in Indonesia is quite large. Sembilang bamboo is a species of bamboo that has not been widely used. Research related to the effect of heat treatment on color change and the physical properties of bamboo needs to be carried out to determine color change and the dimensional stability of bamboo. This research was carried out by giving heat at 180°C for various durations (control, 3 hours, and 6 hours). The color change, moisture content, absorption, and specific gravity of heat-treated sembilang bamboo were researched. The results showed that the color of sembilang bamboo after heat treatment became darker than the control. The moisture content and absorption values of sembilang bamboo with heat treatment at 180°C for 6 hours were higher than the control and 3 hours. The specific gravity value of the bamboo control was higher than 3 hours and 6 hours for sembilang bamboo. Heat treatment at 180°C for 6 hours had an adverse effect on the physical properties of sembilang bamboo. Heat-treated sembilang bamboo at 180°C for 3 hours was recommended in this research

Structure, Composition, Carbon Stocks of Dipterocarpaceae in West Batang Toru Forest Block, North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra

Suci Pratiwi — 2024-02-26

The West Batang Toru Forest Block in the North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra, is one of the lowland forests in Sumatra with a variety of plant communities and populations that have not been fully documented. This area is considered a potential high-value carbon reserve of ecological significance. The purpose of the study was to determine the structure and composition of the Dipterocarpaceae at the West Batang Toru Forest Block. This research was conducted from September 2021 to March 2022. The research location was determined by using the purposive sampling method with a transect length of 300 m. Each lane had plots of 20 × 20 m measured in a zigzag position and had an interval of 10 meters. The number of plots in each lane was 10, for a total of 90 plots. Based on the observations, there were nine species of Dipterocarpaceae obtained from a total of 621 individuals. The basal area ranged from 578.02 cm²/Ha to 397,894.43 cm²/Ha, and the largest basal area was at the tree level. The vegetation composition ranged from 60% to 66%, and the highest composition was at tree level. Sixty-two trees were classified as having the largest basal area, followed by poles (42 individuals) and saplings (64 individuals). Shorea platyclados occurred consistently with a compositional percentage value at the tree level with a value of 66%, the pole level of 53%, the sapling rate of 34%, and the seedling level of 9%. The carbon stocks from Dipterocarpaceae stands were 91534 tons/ha, which is the first estimate of their ecological importance

Ecotourism Development Strategy of Lhok Batee Jeumpa Reservoir, Bireuen Regency

Ferra Azis — 2024-02-27

Bireuen Regency has natural tourism that has the potential to be an ecotourism area, namely the Lhok Batee Reservoir, which is located in Seuneubok Lhong Village, Jeumpa District. This study aims to calculate the carrying capacity of tourist areas, analyze stakeholders based on their influence and importance, and formulate ecotourism development strategies at Lhok Batee Reservoir. The research method uses a survey approach through direct observation in the field with interviews with 50 respondents. The results showed that the carrying capacity of the area was 1,008 people per day. The analysis shows that two classifications of stakeholders play a role in the management of the area and the development of reservoir ecotourism, namely bystanders (Marine Fisheries Food Service; Public Works and Spatial Planning Service; Youth, Sports, and Tourism Service; Environmental Observation Group) and players (Village Government; Regional Development Planning Agency; Environment and Forestry Service). The results of the study formulated an ecotourism development strategy at Lhok Batee Reservoir to increase natural resource conservation efforts, develop the potential of natural resources owned by Lhok Batee Reservoir, develop ecotourism activities while maintaining biodiversity, involve the community to play an active role in tourism activities at Lhok Batee Reservoir, and optimize cooperation programs with stakeholders in marketing Lhok Batee Reservoir ecotourism and in providing environmental training

Zoning Patterns of Mangrove Forests in Lampung Timur Regency

Imron — 2024-02-27

Mangrove forests form due to vegetative distribution along coastlines with varying growing conditions concerning substrate, freshwater intake, and oceanic currents. These disparities facilitate zoning and subsequent distinct growth patterns. The research objective was to identify the zoning structure of mangrove ecosystems in Lampung Timur Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The degradation of mangrove forests in Lampung Timur Regency was thought to be caused by anthropogenic activities and inappropriate zoning patterns. Concerning data collection, the cluster sampling method was employed, which was selected based on the preliminary study's findings that the mangrove status in the study area exhibits a variety of substrates, freshwater supply, and strong ocean currents. There are five clusters on the study site, with each cluster containing sample plots measuring 10m x 10m. The sampling method employed a striped path starting from the outermost part of the mangrove ecosystem, with the number of plots in each cluster dependent on the thickness of the mangrove vegetation. A regional map and GIS applications were used for mangrove zonation mapping, and the factors influencing the zonation of mangrove ecosystems were analyzed descriptively. The research findings demonstrated that the mangrove ecosystem located in Lampung Timur comprises three distinct zones: the outer zone, the middle zone, and the terrestrial zone

Formulation of Quality Assurance Social Indicators in Community Forest Health Assessment

Rahmat Safe’i — 2024-02-29

Community forests provide benefits to their functions and roles in meeting community needs and environmental sustainability based on economic, social, and ecological perspectives. Social indicators play this role in the sustainability of community forest health. This study aims to obtain a weighted value (quality assurance) of social indicators in assessing the health of community forests. The stages of research carried out included, among others, conducting interviews with questionnaire instruments with respondents, determining the priority scale with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and determining eigenvalues with the Analytic Networking Process (ANP) method. Based on the results of the study, four social indicators can describe the health condition of community forests: education indicators, employment indicators, participation indicators, and institutional indicators. These indicators have the same level of importance, where the eigenvalues obtained do not have significant differences. It means that community forest farmers have realized that social indicators can support environmental sustainability in aspects of forest health. Thus, the weighted values obtained by social indicators from the highest to the lowest are indicator participation (0.29), education indicator (0.27), institutional indicator (0.23), and employment indicator (0.21). The formation of farmer groups needs to be done to improve local institutions. Therefore, they can support community forest management regulations

The Assessment of Hapanasan Hot Spring Nature Tourism Based on the Analysis of Working Areas for Nature Tourism Objects and Attractions

Siti Kholizah — 2024-02-29

Hapanasan Hot Spring Nature Tourism (HHSNT) is located in Rambah Tengah Baru Village, Rambah Sub-district, Rokan Hulu District, Riau Province. The area of HHSNT is 9 ha. This research aims to identify existing facilities in this area and assess the attractiveness, accessibility, environmental conditions, accommodation, infrastructure, and availability of clean water at this nature tourist location. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 key informants. Direct observation was carried out by systematically observing and recording this region's potential nature tourist attractions. The analysis of working areas for nature tourism objects and attractions (Analisis Daerah Operasi-Objek Daya Tarik Wisata Alam/ADO-ODTWA) is used to determine the feasibility value of this tourist attraction. The results of this research show that the criteria value for attractiveness is 83.33%, the criteria for accessibility is 95.83%, the criteria for accommodation is 83.33%, the criteria for supporting facilities and infrastructure is 80%, the criteria for availability of clean water is 73.88%, and the criteria for socio-economic environmental conditions is 66.66%. Overall, the HHSNT area is worthy of development, with a percentage of 80.50%. The development of HHSNT can bring numerous benefits to the community, economy, and environment of Rokan Hulu. It can contribute to sustainable development while preserving the region's nature and cultural heritage for future generations

Performance Analysis of Forest Management Unit Region III Kisaran, North Sumatra Province

Ade Oktavia — 2024-02-29

Forest Management Units (FMU) are a form of forestry policy that has become a key instrument in reforming Indonesia's forestry industry. North Sumatra Province has 33 FMU units, comprising 15 Production FMUs and 18 Protection FMUs, all grouped into 16 FMU Regions. This study evaluates forest management performance in the FMU Region III Kisaran. The performance assessment used the Forest Watch Indonesia 2.0 (FWI 2.0) instrument and the Technical Guidelines for Assessing the Effectiveness of Forest Area Management from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The FWI 2.0 method is oriented towards performance results, benefits, and impacts. The technical guidelines for assessing the effectiveness of FMU organizations are already oriented toward the results, benefits, and impacts of forest management. Both methods used show that the performance of FMU Region III Kisaran is in the medium category. This research indicates that the selection of FMU performance assessment methods should be tailored to the purpose of the assessment