Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J)

Overview of Concussion Related to Long-term Cognitive Impairment Among Traumatic Brain Injury

Muhammad Reza Hasan, Mahyudanil — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract.

Background: Discovering if the cognitive decline in later life is related to concussion. This systematic review aims to summarize the research on the link between concussion and long-term cognitive damage.

Methods We offer systematic reviews that follow a standardized review methodology and are reported using the recommended reporting standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). From conception until March 2023, we conducted searches in the databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and British Medical Journals using the following search method.

Results: Six studies were included for further analysis, which mostly showed individuals with mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) with a GCS of 13–15 revealed that cognitive impairment is a prevalent symptom with the primary cause of traffic collision. Studies on patients with mTBI demonstrated that they performed poorer in verbal memory, attention, and executive function. It has been shown in earlier investigations that microglia may be involved in ongoing neurodegeneration. Microglia response in the subcortical regions carries out the critical information and processing of spatial learning, memory, and relaying sensory and motor signals.

Conclusion Concussions are one of the most frequent but also one of the hardest to recognize; in fact that even mild trauma has the potential to affect the brain's architecture and has no outward signs. Reduced cognitive function is one of the concussion's side effects, when cognitive impairment is correlated with a lower health-related quality of life.

Comparison of Open Craniotomy vs Conservative Treatment in Minor Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH)

Riska Pratiwi, Sabri, Teuku Akmal — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10–15% of all strokes in the USA, Europe, and Australia, and 20–30% of Asian cases, with a30-day mortality rate of 35% to 52%; half of the related deaths occur in the first 2 days. Its overall incidence is 24.6 per 100,000 person-years, indicating that it represents the most fatal type of stroke around the world.

Methods: The aim of study of this study is to investigate the comparison of open craniotomy vs conservative treatment in minor spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study used the systematic review method by discovering articles using the search engines PubMed, SagePub, and Science Direct, and 5 articles met the inclusion criteria in this study.

Results: Five publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles.

Conclusion: Surgical management of intracerebral hemorrhage has unique advantages as it can remove the hematoma effectively and decrease intracranial pressure and the incidence of complications.

Keywords: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); surgical; treatment; craniotomy; conservative.

Description of JA Medical Skincare Medan Beautician’s Low Back Pain Based on Duration of Work

Vivienne, Abdurrahman Mousa Arsyad, Bastian Lubis, Hilfan Ade Putra Lubis — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Low Back Pain (LBP) is defined as pain and discomfort located below the costal margin to the inferior gluteal fold, with or without pain in the legs. LBP is a common condition that can occur in all age groups with acute or chronic episodes. Beauticians are more susceptible to musculoskeletal disorders. This line of work tends to involve limited positions, repetitive movements, standing for more than 8 hours or sitting in a bent position during activities. This study aims to determine the characteristics of low back pain based on work duration among beauticians of the JA Medical Skincare beauty clinic Medan.

Method: The method used in this research was descriptive quantitative with a total sampling technique. The research population was 60 beauticians from the JA Medical Skincare Beauty Clinic Medan. The data were collected by having the respondents fill out a questionnaire.

Results: The research results revealed that beauticians at the JA Medical Skincare beauty clinic who were at risk of experiencing low back pain were individuals aged under 30 years (51.8%), those with BMI > 27 or categorized as obese (60%), and those with a working duration of more than 8 hours (49,1%). These groups exhibited higher percentages of complaints related to low back pain. In general, almost all ages have the potential to experience low back pain. Beauticians who work long hours and do not pay attention to ergonomic factors would have caused continuous static loads on their back and are at risk of experiencing complaints of low back pain.

Keywords: Beautician; Duration of work; Low back pain

Frontal Sinus Mucocele Mimicking Sphenoorbital Tumor

Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The paranasal sinus mucocele is a slow-growing mass that contains mucous. It can grow to vary in size, well-defined border, and fluctuating.

Case description: A 51-year-old male with the chief complaint was a mass in his left eye 9 months before. The complaint began with a small swelling and it became bigger. He had no chronic flu-like syndrome previously. He admitted that he had no complaints with his vision or his hearing. The mass is as big as eight centimeters in diameter. The physical examination revealed that his left eye was protruded with left eye acuity was 6/6. He had paresis with an upward gaze in his left eye. At the palpation examination, it was soft, elastic, and fluctuative, well-defined border with bony in its surroundings, and no pain sensation.

Discussion: In this case, the frontal sinus mucocele can make the eyeball protrude because of downward development. It does not impair visual function, because it does not disturb the optic nerve. The impairment was difficult to gaze upwardly.

Conclusion: Given that the lesion came from the frontal sinus, it could grow outwardly and make the eyeball protrude. Histologically, mucocele had to spread inflammatory cells and macrophages, debris cells, and necrotic mass.

Keywords: Frontal sinus; mucocele; sphenoorbital tumor; paranasal sinus.

Correlation Between Sleep Patterns and Blood Pressure in Students of Universitas Prima Indonesia

Jason Yang, Teuku Bob Haykal, Melvin Barus, R. R. Suzy — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Hypertension is a chronic condition which blood pressure increases above normal limits. It can cause a variety of other health issues such as heart, eyes, and kidney problems. Hypertension can occur due to various risk factors such as sleep disturbance. Sleep disturbance often occurs in students that could be affected by demands from college such as attending school community, school tasks, or exams.

Objective: Correlation between sleep patterns and blood pressure in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia in 2023. Method: Cross-sectional, the samples in this study are students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Class 2020-2022 who had met the selection and exclusion criteria based on the quota sampling technique. The data was then analyzed with the Chi-Square test.

Result: The calculation results show that out of 85 respondents, 49 people (57,6%) had poor sleep patterns and 36 people (42,9%) had good sleep patterns. Out of 85 respondents, 11 people (12,9%) had normal blood pressure, 35 people (41,2%) had pre-hypertension blood pressure, 33 people (38,8%) had stage 1 hypertension blood pressure, and 6 people (7,1%) had stage 2 hypertension blood pressure. The Chi-Square test results showed no meaningful relationship between sleep patterns and blood pressure (p value=0,929).

Conclusion: There is no meaningful relationship between sleep patterns and blood pressure of Universitas Prima Indonesia students in 2023.

Keywords: blood pressure, hypertension, sleep patterns