Dentika: Dental Journal

The Difference in The Level of Dental Caries Knowledge Based on Age and Gender Among Students Aged 13-15 Years

2023-10-25T10:02:52+07:00

According to Riskesdas 2018, caries or cavities show that 65.5% of children aged 12 years and 67.4% of children aged 15 years’ experience this condition. Despite its high prevalence, reports regarding the status of dental caries and the importance of oral hygiene in adolescents are still limited. The Islamic boarding school where several teenagers live has an independent and self-caring nature, which causes oral and dental health to be neglected. This study aims to determine differences in the level of knowledge of dental caries based on age and gender in students aged 13-15 years at the Ma'ahid Kudus Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTS) Islamic Boarding School. Analytical observational research with cross-sectional methods. The selection of respondents was carried out using a proportional stratified random sampling technique. There was a significant difference in the level of knowledge of dental caries with age (p<0.05), and there was no difference based on gender (p>0.05). Based on the research results, the level of knowledge about dental caries of students aged 13-15 years at the MTS Maahid Kudus Islamic Boarding School is mostly in the good category.

Dental Plaque Accumulation and Periodontal Treatment Needs of Smokers

2023-10-11T11:26:23+07:00

Organic deposits such as food residue, pellicle, dental plaque, and calculus can easily stick to the surface of smokers' teeth due to the tar content that sticks to the teeth, causing the tooth surface to become rough. This study aims to describe periodontal conditions through plaque accumulation and the need for periodontal treatment in smokers. Cross-sectional study at the Dental and Oral Hospital, University of North Sumatra, with a sample of 60 smokers. Plaque accumulation examination uses the Loe and Silness index and periodontal status needs use the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) index. The results of the periodontal status of smokers showed that 36.7% of smokers had a periodontal status score of 0 (healthy periodontium), 33.3% had a periodontal status score of 2 (supragingival calculus), 28.3% had a score of 1 (spontaneous bleeding) and 1.7 % had periodontal status with a score of 3 (pockets 4-5 mm). The results showed that 36.7% did not need treatment (TN 0), 35% of smokers needed better dental care at home/improved oral hygiene and tartar cleaning (TN II), and 28.3% of smokers only needed adequate dental care. better (TN I). The conclusion of this study is that the periodontal treatment needs of smokers at RSGM USU are based on the number of cigarettes and duration of smoking, which is most often found in periodontal status and treatment with scores of 0 and 2.

Salivary Profile and Its Correlation Towards Candida Colony Count in Elderly Patients

2023-09-04T09:49:51+07:00

Physiologically, elderly people undergo deterioration in various organ functions, such as salivary secretion and pH, which may influence their health. These alterations can lead to various problems, including Candida infections. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between salivary flow rate and pH with Candida colony counts in the oral cavity of elderly individuals. This is an analytical cross-sectional study that included 105 elderly patients visiting the Pancur Batu Health Center. Saliva was collected from each participant using the spitting method for 5 minutes to measure the salivary flow rate and pH. Then, the samples were cultured in Saboraud Citrus agar for 24-48 hours to observe the growth of Candida colonies, and the number was counted. Chi-square tests were conducted to analyze the data and determine the relationship between salivary flow rate and pH with Candida colony count. The result showed a significant relationship between salivary flow rate and excessive Candida colony count, as indicated by p.value = 0.03. However, there was no significant relationship between salivary pH and Candida colony count (p=0.59). In conclusion, the result of this study showed that the reduction in salivary flow rate may increase the risk of Candida infections in elderly people. Therefore, preventive measures have to be taken to maintain good oral hygiene and overall health of the elderly.

Effect of Immersion Duration in Coffee Beverage on Colour Stability of Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base Reinforced with 1% Chitosan Nanogel (Laboratory Study)

2023-10-11T10:57:12+07:00

Hot polymerized acrylic resin (RAPP) denture bases have several weaknesses, so RAPP requires reinforcing materials, one of which is chitosan. Extrinsic factors cause color changes in RAPP. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of soaking time for RAPP denture base material after adding 1% chitosan nanogel in coffee solution on color stability. Laboratory experimental research, using 16 cylindrical plates, diameter 15 x 2 mm (n = 8 from each group). There are 2 groups, the water-soaked group and the coffee drink group. Color stability measurements were carried out before and after soaking for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 days. The color stability of the samples was tested using a colorimeter and color changes were analyzed using the Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Withney tests. There is an effect of soaking time for RAPP denture base material on color stability with a value of p = 0.0001. Soaking the RAPP denture base material after adding 1% chitosan nanogel in a coffee solution for color stability for 4 days is still clinically acceptable.

Oral Findings and Gustatory Function of Postmenopausal Indonesian Women with Low Levels of Reproductive Hormones

2023-10-11T13:48:02+07:00

Menopause is always associated with various problems in the mouth. This study aims to determine oral findings and taste function in postmenopausal women in Indonesia. Descriptive cross-sectional sample of 18 postmenopausal women aged between 53 and 89 years living in nursing homes. Data were collected through demographic questionnaires, oral examination, measuring total saliva volume, assessing saliva pH, checking estradiol and progesterone levels in the blood. Taste tests were carried out the next day with liquids of three different concentrations of four different taste qualities including sweet, salty, sour and bitter. Research results: average age of participants was 75.4+8.6 years, and average DMFT 16.06+2.59. Significant reductions were seen in pH and saliva flow rate, while the most common oral complaints were xerostomia (22%) and pain in the temporomandibular joint (11.1%). Mean estradiol levels were 1.5 + 4.4 pg/mL and progesterone 0.05 + 0.06 ng/mL. Burning Mouth Syndrome and Oral Candidiasis were not found. The majority reported a higher level of taste sensitivity, especially to solutions with the highest concentration, namely bitter taste. This research shows that subjects experienced changes in oral health due to hormonal changes, side effects of medication, and the aging process. Decreased taste function, especially sensitivity to salty, sweet and sour tastes.

Dental Caries and Tooth Brushing Practices among Students Elementary School

2023-09-15T11:55:45+07:00

Dental caries is a disease that often occurs in mid-childhood (10-12 years), which is a vulnerable period marked by the transition of milk teeth to the growth of permanent teeth. Rikesdas West Sumatra reported the experience of dental caries in 41.74% of children aged 10-14 years, with a prevalence rate in Padang City of 36.71% with the number of sufferers around 6,154 children. This quantitative research aims to determine the prevalence of dental caries and tooth brushing practices among students at SDN 27 Sungai Sapih Kuranji, Padang City. An analytical observational approach was applied, with a total of 100 students selected as respondents using total sampling techniques. Next, the data was collected from November 2022 to February 2023 and analyzed using the Spearman test, then processed using a computerized program. The results showed that the majority showed moderate tooth brushing behavior (82%), while the incidence of dental caries was relatively low (45%). Basically, a significant relationship was found between dental caries and tooth brushing practices among respondents (p = 0.001). Collaboration between dental health professionals and schools is recommended to educate students about the importance of dental and oral care, emphasizing correct toothbrushing techniques, to increase knowledge and practice of oral hygiene.

Parental Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Dental Care Visits for Children 6-12 Years of Age during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period

2023-11-13T11:32:29+07:00

Covid-19 is an infectious disease that is growing rapidly throughout the world. Dental care carries a risk of infection, as the procedure involves face-to-face communication with the patient, exposure to saliva, blood, other body fluids and the use of sharp instruments. Parents are afraid to take their children to visit the dentist because it will affect the child's oral and dental health. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parents' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding children's dental care visits during the Covid-19 pandemic and parents' age and education level. Descriptive research with a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were 106 parents of children aged 6-12 years. Sampling was taken using the interview method with 11 questions. Analysis using Chi square. Research results: 26.4% of parents from the 30-39 year age group stated that dental care could cause children to be infected with the Covid-19 virus (p<0.05), based on the level of knowledge, parents with a postgraduate level of knowledge answered that dental care could cause 19.8% of children were infected with the Covid virus (p<0.05). There were no differences in parental attitudes based on age and parental education level in taking their children to the dentist (p>0.05). It was concluded that there was no relationship between age and parents' level of knowledge regarding children's dental care visits during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Effects of Sidamanik Black Tea on Salivary Flow Rate, Total Protein, and Albumin Levels in Young Adults: An in Vivo Study

2023-09-18T15:00:07+07:00

Saliva is crucial in maintaining oral health, performing functions such as antibacterial activity, buffering, and ensuring tooth integrity. In this regard, black tea, a medicinal plant with potential anti-cariogenic agents, has been suggested to exert preventive effects against caries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine effects of black tea consumption on salivary flow rate, pH, as well as total protein and albumin levels in young adults. A pre-experimental design was used with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The samples selected were 18 healthy young adults aged 18-25 years, with DMF-T scores of 1-5. Salivary flow rate, total protein, and salivary albumin were measured using a digital scale after a 5-minute interval, the bicinchoninic acid assay method, and the bromocresol green method, respectively. The results showed a significant increase in salivary flow, a substantial decrease in albumin, and an insignificant elevation in total protein. In conclusion, black tea manifested the capability to prevent caries by enhancing salivary flow and total protein levels. Furthermore, the impact in inhibiting bacteria activity depended on the presence of salivary albumin.

Acceleration of Wound Healing Process Using Lactoferrin by Stimulating Proliferation of Fibroblasts in Wistar Rats (Rattus Novergicus): In Vivo Method

2023-11-08T11:58:53+07:00

Wound is disruptions in the uniformity of body tissue structure, including the outermost layer from the skin to the internal organs, parts of fat, muscles, bones, and others. To address this issue, lactoferrin is a bioactive compound with promising benefits, playing a crucial role in wound healing by enhancing fibroblasts migration and proliferation, as well as collagen synthesis. Moreover, when used in wound therapy, lactoferrin induces a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines production by macrophages with an increase in the expression of VEGF and FGF-2. This study aimed to determine the role of lactoferrin in accelerating in vivo incision wound healing in Wistar rats and to prove the correlation between fibroblasts and collagen. This study adopted a laboratory experimental design using a post-test only control group with 28 samples. The samples were divided into the control, and three experimental groups, each treated with two drops of Lactoferrin (Shaner Whey Protein) at 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, and 80 mg/ml. Each sample was observed for an increase in fibroblasts proliferation and density of collagen fibers. Lactoferrin concentration of 80 mg/ml had the most effect on increasing the number of fibroblasts and collagen with a significant value > 0.05, using a posthoc test. Lactoferrin concentration of 80mg/ml showed the most significant results, showing a significant acceleration in wound healing process.

Traumatic Ulcer Associated with Iatrogenic Trauma After Basal Cell Adenoma Surgery

2023-09-18T16:01:30+07:00

Traumatic ulcer is an oral cavity lesion characterized by loss of epithelial lining, reaching the lamina propria. This condition presents a single lesion with irregular borders, surrounded by diffuse erythema, and covered with pseudo-membrane. In specific case, the traumatic ulcer was caused by iatrogenic trauma after basal cell adenoma surgery. This case report aimed to discuss the causes of traumatic ulcer. A 39-year-old female was referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic from the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department, complaining of pain in the oral mucosa after basal cell adenoma surgery. On extraoral examination, the facial symmetry was intact along with dry and exfoliative lips. A solitary, oval, yellowish-white intraoral ulcer covered with pseudomembrane, irregular borders surrounded by diffuse erythema on the palate, left buccal mucosa and upper labial mucosa was present. The patient was diagnosed with traumatic ulcer due to iatrogenic trauma after surgery for basal cell adenoma located within the parotid gland that extended to the left palate. The treatment administered comprised instructions to clean the oral cavity using gauze and a cotton stick soaked in 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. Additionally, compressing the affected areas with gauze soaked in 0.9% NaCl and applying a thin coating of Vaseline album on the lips were part of the therapeutic measures. Given the iatrogenic nature of traumatic cancer, comprehensive therapy was considered essential to prevent secondary infection and address issues related to speech, appearance, and masticatory functions.