Dentika: Dental Journal

Differences in Caries Severity Based on Sociodemographic Factors in Pediatric Patients at Universitas Brawijaya Hospital

Edina Hartami — 2024-06-28

Early childhood caries (ECC) is influenced by age and gender, with the severity of primary dental cavities being measured using dmf-t index. Therefore, this research aimed to identify differences in caries severity based on age and gender among pediatric patients at Universitas Brawijaya Hospital. The identification process was conducted through an analytical observational method using secondary data, comprising 71 medical records of pediatric patients receiving treatment in the hospital from April 2021 to November 2022. Medical records were observed by examining the number of teeth with decay, missing, and filling, as well as age and gender. According to the chi-square test results, there were no significant differences in caries severity based on age or gender (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this research showed no differences in caries severity based on sociodemographic factors in pediatric patients.

The Application of Apple (Malus sylvestris) Extract-Based Gel: Effects on Teeth Colour Change and Hardness

Atika Resti Fitri — 2024-06-28

Manalagi apple extract, which contains malic acid, has the potential to be used as an alternative teeth whitening. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of Manalagi Apple (Malus sylvestris) extract-based gel on teeth colour change and hardness. It included an experimental laboratory with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design. The samples consisted of thirty anterior extracted teeth which were divided into five groups, including negative control, 10% carbamide peroxide, 25%, 50%, and 75% extract. Teeth were discoloured for seven days using a coffee solution, and gel was applied for 8 hours a day for 14 days. Teeth colour change was assessed using colourimeter device, while hardness was measured using a micro Vicker hardness tester. The data analysis was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test, and the t-dependent test. The result showed that there was a significant change in teeth colour after treatment with 75% apple extract gel compared to the negative control and carbamide peroxide 10%. The extracted gel significantly increased teeth hardness value. These results showed that apple extract-based gel improves teeth colour without negatively affecting the hardness, suggesting that apple extract-based gel can potentially be used as a dental whitening agent.

Evaluating Oral Hygiene and Caries Prevalence among Deaf and Hard of Hearing Orphans at Karya Murni Orphanage in Medan

Ervina Sofyanti — 2024-07-10

Access to equal oral health attention is the right of all human beings, including orphan children with hearing loss or deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between the level of oral hygiene and caries indexing among the sub-population of DHH orphans receiving special care at Karya Murni orphanage in Medan City. A cross-sectional design was used with non-probability sampling to select 58 orphans willing to engage in the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) and mean of Decayed, Missing, and Filled Permanent Teeth (DMFT) assessment during dental and oral cavity screening after participating in counseling activities. Furthermore, the results showed a positive correlation (p=0.007) between oral hygiene and caries, suggesting that OHI-S impacted DMFT by approximately 34.9%, with both index scores presenting proportional equivalence. There is a need to conduct regular dental health monitoring along with education on visual methods and sign language among DHH orphans. Additionally, DHH orphan caregivers should actively engage in enhancing personal health behaviors, particularly to maintain oral and dental health.

The Antibacterial Effect of Lerak Fruit Decoction (Sapindus rarak DC) on the Growth of Streptococcus mutans as an Alternative Cavity Cleanser Material (In Vitro)

Nevi Yanti — 2024-07-19

Cavity cleanser is needed to remove smear layers and eliminate microbes. In this context, lerak fruit decoction (Sapindus rarak DC) is an important natural material used as an alternative to 2% CHX. The fruit effectively removes smear layers, possesses antimicrobial properties, and shows low surface tension. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the effectiveness of lerak fruit decoction as an alternative material for cavity cleanser material. The laboratory experiment commences with boiling 100 grams of lerak fruit in 100 ml of distilled water to obtain MIC and MBC values with the Dilution and Drop Plates Miles Misra method. The results of ANOVA and LSD tests show that lerak fruit decoction has antibacterial effect with MIC and MBC values of 12.5% and 25%, respectively. This research serves as the foundation for further investigations into lerak fruit decoction, considering the availability, biocompatibility, affordability, and ease of processing. Moreover, it can be concluded that 25% lerak fruit decoction has similar antibacterial ability to 2% CHX against Streptococcus mutans.

Does dietary habit playing role in reccurences of reccurent apthous stomatitis? ̶- A pilot study

Aida Fadhilla Darwis — 2024-07-26

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common oral mucosal disease characterized by oral inflammation with a variety of recurrences (≥2 episodes) a year. The therapeutic goal includes the prevention of recurrences. Despite uncertain exact etiology of RAS, the decisive factors comprise nutritional deficiency and principal immunopathogenesis. These factors are related to nutritional intake adequacy which is reflected through dietary habits. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary habits and recurrences of RAS patients at the Installation of Oral Medicine, Dental and Oral Hospital Universitas Sumatera Utara. An analytical survey was performed with a cross-sectional approach through a questionnaire. The population was 78 patients diagnosed between January 2018 and December 2019, based on the clinical medical record journal. In this study, analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test. The results showed that food intake (P=0.001) and dietary habits (P= 0.042) were significant, compared to food preferences (p = 0.064). In conclusion, a positive relationship existed between dietary habits and recurrences of RAS patients.

Drug Related Cheilitis Along with Developed Angular Cheilitis: Case Report

Amatul Firdaus Ramadhan — 2024-06-28

Isotretinoin is used to treat severe acne, and despite the therapeutic benefits, it has many side effects, including cheilitis on lips. This case report reviewed the importance of assessing the medical and pharmacological histories during anamnesis in the management of drug-related and angular cheilitis. Case: A 22-year-old female patient presented with complaints of dry, cracked, bleeding, and pain on the upper and lower lips, which occurred 7 days ago. Previous similar complaints were reported, although not severe. The patient had habits of lip licking, low water intake, and an irregular menstrual cycle. There was a history of using Roaccutane (isotretinoin) for acne treatment. Extraoral examination showed dry, desquamated lips with crusts, while intraoral examination had no abnormalities. Case management: The patient was prescribed NaCl 0.9%, Vaseline album, and hydrocortisone cream 1% twice daily. However, during treatment, angular cheilitis developed, prompting the prescription of miconazole cream 2% twice daily. One month later, all of the patient’s complaints were successfully treated with no subjective issues. Proper history taking and examinations were fundamental to making the right decisions and definite treatment plans.

Endodontic Management of Mandibular Second Molar with Middle Distal Canal

Jessica Komala — 2024-06-28

Mandibular second molar is often associated with variations in root canal morphology. Despite the intricate association, the occurrence of middle distal canal in endodontic literature is limited, with an incidence of 0.2% to 3%. Therefore, this study presents a case report describing a clinical situation in mandibular second molar that shows four canals, opening into different apical foramens. A 30-year-old male patient came to the Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut of Universitas Sumatera Utara with the main complaint of intermittent pain in the lower right tooth persisting for two days. The results of clinical examination of the lower right second molar labeled as #47, showed a temporary filling, while radiography indicated widened periodontal ligament space and termination of lamina dura. After receiving informed consent, root canal therapy was carried out, and a direct resin composite onlay was selected for final restoration. To locate and treat hidden and unusual anatomy, dentists are often required to possess a comprehensive understanding of internal dental anatomy and use modern instruments, such as the dental operating microscope and ultrasonic tips. In certain clinical, direct resin composite onlay restorations can represent a valid alternative to traditional indirect restorations. In conclusion, this study shows that a comprehensive understanding of the potential variances in the internal anatomy of human teeth is essential to achieving successful outcomes in endodontic therapy.

Vocal cord immobility after lateral pharyngotomy extraction of the impacted dentures in the upper esophagus: A Case Report

Susyana Tamin — 2024-06-28

Impaction of foreign bodies in the esophagus is a frequent emergency in otorhinolaryngology. However, diagnosing and managing denture impaction in the esophagus presents greater challenges compared to other foreign bodies, often leading to various complications. This study reported a rare case of vocal cord immobility after the evacuation of denture impaction in the esophagus using lateral pharyngotomy. The patient, a 73-year-old man, experienced throat discomfort after swallowing a denture an hour before admission. According to the CT scan carried out, a 3.7 cm long denture was found around the T3-T5 spine level and was located 3 mm lateral right to the descendant aorta and 4 mm posterior of the trachea. During esophagoscopy extraction, the denture was stuck in the upper esophagus and was successfully evacuated by lateral pharyngotomy. Subsequently, the patient developed vocal cord immobility, and this case underscores the importance of considering vocal cord complications following the extraction of a denture impaction in the esophagus.

Efficacy of non-surgical therapy on IL-6 levels in patients with chronic periodontitis: A systematic review

Endang Winiati — 2024-06-28

Chronic periodontitis-affected tissues have an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines relative to anti-inflammatory counterparts, including IL-6. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize and appraise the available literature to provide a comprehensive analysis of the efficacy of non-surgical therapy, specifically focusing on the therapeutic effect of IL-6 in patients with chronic periodontitis. This review focused on seven studies including 308 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis across five different countries. The RoB assessment showed a moderate to low risk of bias studies. Moreover, the studies found a statistically significant decrease in IL-6 levels in patients after receiving non-surgical therapy. There were statistically significant alterations in periodontal indices and IL-6 levels over time, which showed the efficacy of non-surgical treatment based on various literature. Hence, decreasing IL-6 could serve as a therapeutic indicator of inflammatory response.

Nanotechnology Implementation as Root Canal Sealer

Sasha Allayya Tiffany — 2024-07-30

The application of nanotechnology is becoming increasingly prevalent in the field of dentistry. Specifically, in root canal treatment, the expulsion of microbes remains a challenge often leading to failure of the procedure. The use of sealer is an effective method to dispose of microbes, but the structure of root canal which features dentinal tubules ranging from micro to nano size underscores the need for nanoparticle sealer. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the implementation of nanomaterials as root canal sealer. The results showed that nanoparticle sealer increased the apical sealing ability of root canal obturation material. The concept of using nanoparticles in endodontics as a new treatment efficacy against the hidden microbes in dentinal tubules appeared to be a promising approach. The development of nanotechnology could be used to improve the ability of sealer to penetrate dentinal tubules to achieve successful root canal treatment.