Tongging Hotel Resort With Neo Vernacular Approach

Indonesian’s nature has a combination of a tropical climate and is the largest and most island nation in the world. Indonesia also has many natural tourism sites that are already well-known abroad. One of them is Lake Toba. Lake Toba is the largest and deepest lake in Southeast Asia. These tourist attractions are also supported by a cultural heritage that is rich with many tribes and customs that spread throughout Indonesia. Resort hotels are one of the supporting facilities in the tourist area. The design of the Tongging resort hotel raises the theme of neo vernacular. The problem posed was "How to design Resort Hotels using the neo-vernacular architectural approach?". Using the neo-vernacular school aims to arouse the culture and customs of the environment. Because we know the Tongging area is a Batak tribe area, which is a very thick tribe with traditions and customs. The resort hotel design Tongging is designed using ornamentation and formations, which are more directed to the Siwaluh Jabu traditional house by using qualitative methods because it is rational and planned precisely with the location of the site. Tongging resort hotel can be a resort hotel that does not leave the local culture and can become an icon in the hope that it can still preserve the existing customs or culture. Keyword: architecture, hotel resort, neo vernacular, tourism


Introduction
The natural and cultural wealth is an essential component of tourism in Indonesia. Indonesian nature has a combination of tropical climates, and is the largest archipelago country and the largest in the World, Indonesia also has many famous natural attractions in foreign countries such as Mount Rinjani in Lombok which in the vicinity there are many beautiful beaches such as beaches Being in Lombok is no less attractive than the beach which is also famous in foreign countries such as beaches on the island of Bali and also Indonesia has the Lake is very large and most rooted in Southeast Asia, [5] Lake Toba which is the largest and deepest lake in Southeast Asia. These attractions are also supported by a rich cultural heritage with many tribes and customs spread throughout Indonesia. Lake Toba can be regarded as the Largest Lake in Indonesia & Southeast Asia because this Lake Has an Area of 1130 Kilometers square.
According to information from geologists that the crater of Lake Toba formed due to the International Journal of Architectureand Urbanism Vol. 04, No.01, 2020 17 volcanic eruption of a supervolcanic type that occurred about 74,000 years ago. Even the outbreak considered very powerfully when compared with other volcanic eruptions, believed the explosion reached thousands of times the flare on a regular volcano. The impact was also affected by the climate around the world at that time. In Lake Toba, there is much tourism that some of them are very famous in foreign countries such as Samosir Island where the island is located right in the middle of Lake Toba and also tourist attractions like waterfall Sipiso -Piso, the beautiful hill of Simarjarunjung, Batu Gantung, and so on. Tongging Village is a village located in the area of Brand, Karo Regency, about 40 Km from the city of Brastagi, which is also a favorite tourist destination. In this village, there is the longest Waterfall in Indonesia is Sipiso-Piso Waterfall, and even in this village, there are many plants and hills that are very beautiful.
Tongging is famous for its farm. There are many fields and fish farms. The most popular fish species are tilapia and goldfish. Most of the people who live in the vicinity of the Tongging process fish that they can for the needs of the day, although not infrequently they also make Keramba for fish farms that will be sold in their restaurants or to the market. Tourism can develop somewhere basically because the place has an attraction, which can encourage tourists to come to visit it. Tongging village has a lot of potential and appeals for a tourist destination, but there are no facilities such as decent lodging and also supporting facilities that can satisfy the desires of the tourists.

Location and Site
Project Location Tongging Hotel Resort located in Tongging. Tongging village situated in the southern part of Karo district. Karo Regency is one of the regencies located in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The district capital located in Kabanjahe. Tongging village area consists of many hills and directly adjacent to Lake Toba.

Theme Review
The theme raised in the design of this Resort Hotel is "Neo Vernacular Architecture." Neo-Vernacular architecture is an understanding of the flow of Post-Modern Architecture was born as a response and criticism of modernism that prioritizes the value of rationalism and functionalism that is influenced by the development of industrial technology. The Neo-Vernacular architecture is an architecture whose concept considers normative, cosmological, local culture in community life and harmony between buildings, nature, and the environment  Kuala Lumpur International Airport is a neo-vernacular building that has a reasonably vernacular concept, the use of a curved roof formation and material reflects a very thick Malaysian nuance of Islam but with a touch of modern equipment becomes very modern but leaves neo Vernacular elements. The use of materials by the concept of vernacular that can be applied to the building that will be designed, the modern Resort Hotel but not leave the vernacular Batak elements (Figure 2) [3].

Methodology
Site selection method, Site selection is made by considering the location of the specified place, easy access, ambiance, congestion level, and the achievement of the existing function and site location in the tourist development site. Method of solving the problem of design, there is two methods of drawing in architecture that is a traditional method called a black box and a systematic way called a glass box method. The technique used in designing Tongging Hotel Resort is a glass box method is a rational method where each stage and process can trace, which means that every operation is planned carefully and under the phases of an architectural design process.

Result and Discussion
The basic concept is designing Tongging Hotel Resort formed through the theme of Neo Vernacular Architecture, which incorporates the traditional architecture of Batak Karo house in design with the addition of modern forms in the construction of Tongging Hotel Resort building. The formations taken from the typical home of Karo are as follows. A composition of Architecture Building according to the theme is by using the customary house Karo traditional house "The selection of materials, facades will disclose Siwaluh Jabu" application, and the roof of a conventional house "Siwaluh Jabu" is. Because of the neo vernacular theme, this building will also use new formations such as the use of materials -materials of concrete, glass, and others. The implementation of the idea done by simplifying and modernizing the traditional house building "Siwaluh Jabu" and the use of the philosophy of the formations that exist in the house there is (Figure 3). The establishment of the Hotel, the establishment of the main building, is the hotel, from above shaped like buffalo horn [2] where the buffalo ornament symbolizes the power and guardian of the evil attacks from evil spirits (Figure 4).

Conclusion
Tongging Hotel Resort is one of the supporting facilities on the outskirts of Lake Toba, Tongging hotel resort is a 4-star hotel with neo vernacular theme, facade and hotel formation taken from original Karo house that is "Siwaluh Jabu" with Gorga Batak and ornament Boraspati, Boraspati form gecko that exists in adat Batak. His philosophy is Boraspati laid in the building to protect property and expect bias doubled. The structure used in Tongging Hotel Resort is the rigid frame structure.