Sustainable Landscape Criteria in Design Concept of Taman Merah Kampung Pelangi, Malang City

. Taman Merah is one of the thematic parks planned by the residents of Kampung Pelangi to provide a forum for activities and meet the needs of green open space for the environment by utilizing the empty land in Kampung Pelangi environment. This activity is a service program communities that aims to help residents plan and design the Red Park according to their needs. The method that used is the landscape architecture design method with a sustainable landscape approach, starting from site surveys, identifying people's needs and activities, studying literature related to sustainable landscape criteria to be applied to the Taman Merah design concept, compiling programming and design concepts. The results of the study obtained are the criteria for sustainable landscapes that are applied in the design concept including environmental, economic, socio-cultural, aesthetic, and institutional aspects. The five criteria were identified to be used as the basis for the Taman Merah design concept. The sustainability of these five aspects aims to improve the quality of the environment, improve the residents' economy, a forum for the actualization of socio-cultural activities, provide interesting place experiences, and foster collaboration between residents and community groups in Kampung Pelangi RW 9 Joyogrand Housing, Merjosari Village, Malang City.


Introduction
Taman Merah is of the thematic park concepts planned by the resident of Kampung Tematik -   water, soil, preventing flooding, and minimizing air pollution. socio-cultural functions such as a space for social interaction, recreation areas, and regional landmark. architectural functions such as improving quality. visual and comfort area, and economic function to act as a means of urban green tourism so as to foster employment [5].

Sustainable landscape criteria
There are five pillars of sustainable landscapes such as ecological aspects (green space, water quality, air, flora and fauna), economic agriculture / cultivation and tourism, socio-culture (education, health, experience, local wisdom, participation and cultural identity), aesthetics aspecs (experience of space and place and visual quality), and political aspects related to policy [6]. Interpretations of urban sustainability are generally consistent with the six elements of the sustainability landscape such as environment, economy, equality, aesthetics, experience and ethics. Protecting ecosystems and human health, ensuring equal access to resources and services, maintaining culture and diversity and social integrity [7]. The main indicators of sustainable landscapes for the development of an area such as increase the physical quality of the landscape environment through the preservation and provision of new infrastructure, the economic dimension through increasing the number of visitors, entrepreneurship, investment and tourism, the socio-cultural dimension through developing relationships and network collaboration, and developing potential local [8].
If connecting the criteria for sustainable landscapes and green open space, it will find the compatibility of the goals and objectives between the two, so that these two things are used as the main reference in compiling the design concept of Taman Merah Kampung Pelangi design.
Based on several previous research literature related to sustainable landscapes, the criteria for sustainable landscapes include environmental / ecological (environmental protection), economic (social economic equity), socio-cultural (community livability), aesthetic / architectural (visual quality), and institutional (good policy) ( Figure 2).

Figure 2. Criteria of sustainable landscape
The description of the sustainable landscape criteria indicators can be seen in the following The Concepts of thecontext of architecture are the main ideas, plans, thoughts, or ideas that guide the designer or architect in realizing the desired design. The architectural concept is not a theoretical formation, but a comprehensive understanding of specific design problems resulting from the thought process to project a suitable architectural form based on basic data such as users, site data, and design references [9]. Conceptuals are used to describe design elements such as the site, organization of space, use of function, form, scale, and the style and experience envisioned. [10]. The concept of design / design according to the Indonesian Architects Association is the basis of thought and considerations from all aspects that underlie the realization of design ideas that accommodate the needs, objectives and constraints of a project, so there needs to be clarity of data and information from users / clients related to requirements and the need so that the goals and objectives are properly achieved [11].
The design approach used to complete this activity is to use the principle approach of landscape architecture, because this landscape architecture is the most appropriate to the context of green open space and the sustainable landscape itself. Landscape architecture has 4 principles of study and practice, such as; first as a three-dimensional construction that describes the visuals of open space, surfaces, organization, and arrangement. Second, as history that expresses the character of the location, not only in terms of geography, but also history, socio-culture, and aesthetics.
Third, as a scale continuum in the form of a relational structure that connects scales, spatial, ecological, functional and social entities. Fourth, as a process, namely, holistic and dynamic system [12].
The role of landscape architecture in urban areas is to organize open spaces so that they are compatible with the visual environment, forming, and fostering the human character within it.
The role of landscape architects helping to solve urban problems must be based on the socio-  [13].

Methods
The method used is the landscape architecture design method with a sustainable landscape criteria approach, starting from site surveys, identifying people's needs and activities, studying literature related to sustainable landscape criteria to be applied to Taman Merah design concept, compiling programming and design concepts, in the form of ideas. The design is implemented in the arrangement of Taman Merah softscape and hardscape elements. The process of drafting the design concept considers the criteria for sustainable landscapes which include environmental, economic, socio-cultural, aesthetic, and institutional aspects. The five criteria were identified through field observations to be used as the basis for the design concept of Taman Merah Kampung Pelangi RW 9 Joyogrand Housing, Merjosari Village, Malang City.

Result and Analysis
Identification criteria for sustainable landscapes Based on the results of the field identification and the results of the interview with the head of RW 9, the following are the environmental conditions for the residents of Kampung Pelangi based on five criteria for sustainable landscapes: Table 2: -There are art activities in the form of traditional music and dances by Singosongo Youth Organization as cultural identity and local wisdom -In terms of environmental concern, there also a group of environmental cadres who focus on environmental concern Architectural Provides a space and place experience of an attractive visual quality and a comfortable environment

Identification results
Visually, this Pelangi Village does not yet have an attractive visual character, so it needs to improve the visual quality of the existing ones, or by making spaces, places, or architectural markers that have character and represent the character of the residents and Kampung Pelangi itself. In the context of the Taman Merah, area markers and photo spots can be made that are attractive to visitors Institutional Policy, participation and commitment of all parties

Identification results
Kampung Pelangi has a community groups that are under the government or formed based on the agreement of the residents, which is a big potential if its activities are accommodated in the design of Taman Merah. Considering the group's activities as one of the basic zoning functions of the park will help move sustainability away from the concept of sustainable landscapes itself.

Existing site
The location of the Taman Merah Kampung Pelangi site is in the neighborhood of Joyogrand   Figure D is the area of land on the north side. This area is used by residents as a children's play area and a sports field. This area can be used as a parking area for vehicles, by moving the play area to the central land area. The land area is quite large, so it is necessary to divide land zoning according to the needs and activities of residents.

Programing
This programming stage is a stage to determine park facilities based on users and types of activities by considering sustainable landscape criteria. The following are park facilities, users and types of activities accommodated in Taman Merah, Table 3: Based on the needs of Taman Merah facility, the following is a description of the design criteria and their relationship to the criteria for sustainable landscapes, Table 4:  Created to support people's economy and as a form of selfsufficiency and food security, residents can manage the benefit from the results together. It can also be processed as a food or beverage product for sale in the economic area of residents. Cultivation gardens can also be used as educational tours for the cultivation of productive plants and livestock that can support tourism development in Kampung Pelangi. In addition, these plants can also help improve environmental quality

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
There needs to be a grouping of plant types and layout of cultivation areas that have good aesthetics, so that, visitors can experience interesting places. It is necessary to provide a water storage pool from both rivers and rainwater. The cultivation area is placed in the cultivation zone

✓ ✓
Multifunctional field for sports (volleyball and futsal) Serving as a means of social interaction and citizen health, as well as a tourist attraction, the field is multifunctional which can be used interchangeably for volleyball and futsal.
Consider not using pavement material, an alternative to white sand material so that, it can function as an infiltration area. This field is placed in a sports zone and around the field is a spectator area The concept of facility layout, circulation and vegetation The facility layout concept is arranged based on the zoning function group area of the site ( Figure 4) and then developed as shown in Figure 5. Pedestrian circulation is made around the park on the east, west and center as a link so that each zoning can be connected to one another.
The concept of vegetation follows pedestrians on the east and west sides. Some of the existing tree vegetation in the west is preserved and then added to the north following the circulation path. On the east side, shade trees are also added for the function of shading to follow the circulation path, Figure 5.

Conclusion
The application of sustainable landscape criteria in the concept design of Taman Merah Kampung Pelangi aims to provide sustainability benefits for Kampung Pelangi residents from five aspects of sustainable landscapes, namely, (1). environmental aspects so that the quality of the environment and the ecosystem can be maintained properly, (2). The economic aspect so that the economic capacity of the citizens can increase, can be realized through planting productive plants as a form of food independence and security, the results of it can also be processed to become a product of people's businesses. In addition, by designing the park for green open roaring tourism designation, and then to attract visitors to Kampung Pelangi environment. (3). Socio-cultural aspects in order to increase knowledge and insight, maintain the health of citizens, a means of citizen interaction, and maintain the heritage of local wisdom through arts. (4). Architectural aspects are needed to provide an interesting space and place experience for residents and visitors to be comfortable doing activities in this Taman Merah. (5).
Institutional aspects are also very much needed through participation and cooperation between individuals, groups and institutions in making policies to realize the concept of sustainability in Taman Merah, Kampung Pelangi, Joyogrand Housing, RW 9 Kelurahan Merjosari, Malang City.