International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism

The Impact of CafÃ© Lighting on Customer Comfort Perception

Aris Budhiyanto — 2024-12-04

The evolution of cafÃ©s as multifunctional spaces for dining, socializing, and working has significantly influenced the standards for lighting. This study investigates the light intensity and customer comfort at Threelogy Coffee and Zybrick Coffee and Cantina, two cafÃ©s characterized by markedly different designs and lighting conditions. Field surveys and light intensity measurements were conducted to evaluate the lighting conditions at both locations, while questionnaires were used to assess visitor perceptions of comfort. At Threelogy Coffee, light intensity levels are notably high, with indoor measurements ranging from 360 to 465 lux and reaching up to 34,705 lux in semi-outdoor areas. This high level of illumination is attributed to natural sunlight and the reflective properties of white surfaces on ceilings and walls. Conversely, Zybrick Coffee and Cantina exhibits lower light intensity, with indoor levels between 65 and 70 lux and semi-outdoor areas ranging from 240 to 670 lux. This reduced illumination is due to limited natural light and the use of dark wall materials. Survey results reveal that customers to Threelogy Coffee generally express satisfaction with the bright lighting, although there is a potential risk of long-term monotony. In contrast, customers to Zybrick Coffee and Cantina report comfort despite the dim lighting, which is attributed to the private and intimate atmosphere fostered by the cafÃ©'s design. Both cafÃ©s exhibit comparable levels of overall comfort, highlighting the significance of atmospheric design elements, in addition to lighting, in creating a positive customer experience.

Strategies for using sustainable urban drainage systems in the architectural design of civil infrastructure projects in Jakarta

Hassan Gbran — 2024-12-04

The current research is mainly targeting the major challenge of climate change and flood risk in Indonesia (Jakarta) through investigations on suitable methods of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS). Through climate scenarios and flood risk assessments, as well as SUDS efficiency appraisals, this study aims at helping stakeholders gain insight on innovative water management strategies. The combination of hydrological models, GIS analysis, and stakeholdersâ€™ engagement is the research approach that will enable the exploration of Jakarta's vulnerability to extreme weather events and introduce mitigation techniques in the form of SUDS. This study aims to address climate changeâ€™s impact on flood risk and develop sustainable design solutions so that the infrastructure in Jakarta can be resilient to flooding. The findings of this research are to provide a basis for decisions, plans, and policies towards green water management regulations and a more water-resilient urban built environment.

Interactive Mixed Reality Museum for Ulos Batak Cultural Heritage Preservation and Global Recognition

Jasmine Meilani Halim — 2024-12-04

Indonesia, with its abundant cultural riches, faces challenges in preserving the traditional Batak cloth, Ulos, which is now threatened by globalization and foreign cultural claims. Ulos, which has been designated as Indonesia's Intangible Cultural Heritage (WBTb) since October 17 2014, has not yet received international recognition from UNESCO as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) list. This recognition is very important to increase global awareness about Ulos and the need for its preservation. Considering these challenges, this research proposes the creation of "Ulos Heritage: Mixed Reality-based Interactive Museum" as an innovative solution to preserve and promote Ulos. This museum was designed with an interactive technology approach, using mixed reality to create a memorable and immersive experience for visitors. This approach involves presenting the collection in an appropriate atmosphere and providing a hands-on experience through augmented and virtual reality technologies. Design methods include literature studies, site surveys, and distributing questionnaires to ensure designs that suit visitor needs. This museum will be located in Medan City, North Sumatra, with facilities including an exhibition area, interactive space and souvenir area. This initiative aims to strengthen public understanding of Ulos and support global recognition as a cultural heritage that must be preserved.

The Influences of Traditional Market Revitalization Policy on the Design Thinking Process

Nyoman Prabandari — 2024-12-04

The Revitalization Policy for Traditional Market Buildings often leads to mismatches between the designed space and its actual use. Many market facilities remain underutilised, while new informal spaces emerge in inappropriate locations. This highlights the need to reassess the design process and understand how revitalization policies impact Traditional-Modern Market planners. This research investigates the influence of existing policies on resolving design issues when modernising traditional market buildings. Using multiple case studies, specifically Badung Market and Banyuasri Market in Bali, the research collects data from design drawing archives provided by consultants and government agencies. These archival studies are compared with observations of user behaviour. Additionally, interviews with space planners, including two architectural consultants and four government officials from the Industry and Trade Service and the Public Works Service, were conducted. The qualitative analysis aims to construct the "conceived space" envisioned by the planners and identify factors causing the gap between planners and users. The findings reveal that not only the Traditional Market revitalization policy but also decisions by other authorities significantly affect space production. Factors influencing space production in public buildings like Modern-Traditional Markets include regulations, public policies, and regional vision and mission

Analysis of Evacuation Routes Effectiveness on Dormitory Building (Case Study: Rusunawa Putri UII, Yogyakarta)

Raisa Maranta Saika — 2024-12-04

In the case of an emergency, effective evacuation is crucial to minimize losses. This paper focuses on analyzing and designing efficient evacuation routes for Rusunawa Putri UII in Yogyakarta, a dormitory building. It emphasizes ensuring safety during fires or earthquakes, particularly in densely populated structures. The research aims to enhance evacuation route efficiency through a thorough examination of layout, accessibility, and capacity. It utilizes the Pathfinder methodology, a robust analytical framework for simulating and analyzing pedestrian movement in evacuation scenarios. The study evaluates existing routes using field observations, simulations, and statistical analysis to identify areas that need improvement. The findings will guide decision-makers in optimizing evacuation plans and strengthening safety measures in similar densely populated residential buildings.

The Determining Initial Toll Road Tariff Based On BKBOK, ATP And WTP (Case Study : Tebing Tinggi - Pematang Siantar Toll Road Section)

Ridwan Anas — 2024-12-04

The construction of the Trans Sumatra Toll Road or JTTS was initiated as a development strategy and backbone for Indonesia's strategic economic growth. One of the sections that will soon be operational in September 2024 is the Tebing Tinggi-Pematangsiantar Toll Road. Based on Indonesian Law No. 2 2022, the initial road tariff must consider 3 things: the user's ATP (Ability To Pay), the amount of vehicle operating cost benefit (BKBOK), and also the cost recovery of the investment. This study aims to determine the toll tariff based on BKBOK, ATP and WTP. VOC is calculated using the Binamarga 2005 method, VOC model Pd-T-15-2005. ATP is calculated using the Household Budget Method and WTP is calculated using a modification of Stated Preference based on 100 respondents of Class 1 vehicle owners. When calculating the amount of BKBOK, a significant difference in VOC is obtained when the vehicle passes through the toll road compared to passing through non-toll roads, which is Rp. 57,629. This study also shows that the value of travel time is IDR 24,773 per hour, and the value of travel time saving of the Golongan 1 vehicle is IDR 78,035. Travel time savings contribute more benefits than VOC savings, contributing 58% of the total benefits of Rp 135,664 received by the Group 1 toll user, or 35% more than the benefits of VOC savings. The recommended tariff to improve the service of Tebing Tinggi Pematangsiantar Toll Road is between Rp 1055 and Rp 1688 per km, or Rp 47500-Rp 76000. This tariff is willing to be paid by Â± 5%-25% of motorists and able to be paid by Â± 50%-85% of vehicles.

Communicating architectural strategies (semiotics)

Wiwik Dwi Susanti — 2024-12-04

Semiotics is the science of signs aimed at communicating. In architecture, semiotics is a sign language that aims to provide information to society through architectural elements. Architectural semiotics consists of three elements: representation, user and meaning aimed at communication.
The challenge in architectural semiotics is the process of delivering information that an architect wants to convey, whether it can be understood by an observer. Communication processes are not only limited to the process of understanding but capable of interpreting signs on architectural objects. To understand communicative architectural strategies, this study involves a case study of three architecture objects, which are then analyzed using semiotics. Gapura was chosen as an object of research, because it was a simple architectural object but had a load of meaning and signs. Research methods using the study of literature (journal, book and research report). The results of the research explained that the communication strategies of the three gaps were different, so architectural communications strategies were avoided by many things. (history, culture, identity dll). The architect's ability is tested to be able to communicate with the recipient through the signs he designs, so communication strategies and semiotic definitions are important to understand.
Semiotics is the science of signs that aim to communicate. In architecture, semiotics is a language of signs that aims to provide information to the public through architectural elements. Architectural semiotics consists of three elements: representation, user and meaning, which aim to communicate.

Analysis of SCWB Ratio on Collapse Probability of SRPMK Concrete Structures

Syarbaini Lubis — 2024-12-04

The Bank Indonesia Medan Office, built in 1907, is an example of an old building requiring seismic resilience evaluation. This article investigates the impact of the Strong Column-Weak Beam (SCWB) ratio on the collapse probability of SRPMK concrete structures using spectrum response and linear time history analyses. Ground motions from Niigata (Mw 6.63), Tohoku (Mw 9.12), and Miyagi (Mw 7.15) earthquakes were utilized. Findings indicate that the existing structure does not meet seismic resilience standards per SNI 1726:2019 and SNI 2847:2019. Structural modifications are necessary with an SCWB ratio of 1.2 to ensure adequate seismic resistance. The analysis reveals that the largest inter storey drift and displacement occur during the Niigata earthquake, while the maximum base shear is recorded in spectrum response analysis. Performance evaluation of the structure shows that the collapse probability remains within the Immediate Occupancy (IO) level. This article underscores the critical role of the SCWB ratio in determining collapse probability and provides recommendations for structural design improvements.

Analysis of Roof Displacement in Steel Structures with and without Panel Zone

T Yuan Rasuna — 2024-12-04

The purpose of this study is to determine how panel zones influence the seismic behavior of steel structures in Medan City, utilizing the Indonesian earthquake zone standards SNI 1726:2019 and focused on seismic design category D. The structures are designed with the special moment-resisting frame (SMRF) system, which has a seismic significance factor of 4 and soft soils. The study examines the roof displacement and story drift ratio of a 7-story steel structure with and without panel zones subjected to seismic loads. The results show that the building with panel zones has a roof displacement that is approximately 9.23% higher in the X direction and 10.41% higher in the Y direction than the structure without panel zones. Similarly, the story drift ratio for the structure with panel zones is 9.21% greater in the X direction and 11.55% greater in the Y direction than the structure without panel zones. These findings indicate that incorporating panel zones changes a rigid structure into a semi-rigid one, allowing more rotational movement at the beam-column joints, thereby improving the building's flexibility and overall earthquake resistance.

Study on the Effect of Variation in Number of Panels on Natural Frequency

Zaki Chairuman — 2024-12-04

This study investigates the effect of varying the number of panels on the natural frequency and mode shape of truss bridges. Using a steel frame bridge as a case study, three different panel configurations (8, 10, and 12 panels) were analyzed through the Damped-DOF System and ABAQUS software. The results show that bridges with fewer panels exhibit lower natural frequencies, while those with more panels have higher frequencies due to increased stiffness. Furthermore, the mode shape analysis indicates that bridges with fewer panels experience greater deformations, potentially impacting their dynamic performance. This research emphasizes the importance of optimizing the number of panels in bridge design to enhance both stiffness and dynamic force resistance. Future research may explore the influence of other structural parameters on natural frequency and mode shape.

Research on Determination of Bearing Capacity of Existing Reinforced Concrete Beam Considering Probability Distribution Characteristics

Il Chan Kang — 2024-12-04

This paper determined the bearing capacity of existing reinforced concrete beams by considering the probability distribution characteristics of technical assessment data for existing buildings, which are objectively existing, unlike designed structures.

Seismic Performance Analysis of Regular and Irregular Buildings Based on SNI 1726:2019 Standards

Johannes Tarigan — 2024-12-04

This study analyzes the seismic performance of regular and irregular building structures according to the SNI 1726:2019 standards. Four building models were developed: one regular structure and three irregular structures, using data from the earthquake-prone Tarutung region in Sumatra. The analysis, conducted with ETABS software, focused on key seismic parameters including base shear, story shear, displacement, torsion, and column reinforcement. Results showed that regular buildings performed better under seismic loads, exhibiting lower base shear, story shear, and torsion due to their symmetrical configuration and uniform mass distribution. But the Country is such that where even less than irregular structures also faced more in seismic force and higher displacement at across the horizontal direction, torsional effects were seen much stronger especially with significant irregularities. This resulted in non-uniform distribution of forces and localized higher requirements for column reinforcement. These results underline how regular buildings, where developing countries have the most capacity to make improvements in construction quality and safety on a large scale, are actually quite resilient structures against seismic forces. This research demonstrates the significance of complying with seismic design codes and offers perspective which may assist engineers to develop irregular building structures that are more earthquake resistant.

Study of Method of Evaluating Surface's Pollution Level & Cleaning Efficiency on Decoration Building Materials

Un Gyong O — 2024-12-04

In the paper, we analyzed synthetically the research results on methods of testing the cleaning effect on DBM(Decoration Building Materials) and suggested a new Pollution Level & Cleaning Effect Evaluation System(PCEES) on the DBM's surface which is based on image information processing by use of color quantization method and color feature extraction method with HSI (Hue Saturation Intensity) model.

By applying the PCEES to many building objects, we could select the effective composition of cleaning agent and cleaning method and calculate the agent's consumption amount necessary for the building work.

And we suggested the degree of cleaning effect according to the quantitative result values of evaluation on pollution level & cleaning effect to correspond with the empirical judgment of a man.

The Effect of Material And Roof Shape On Thermal Comfort In Residential Buildings

Sola Gratia Ginting — 2024-12-04

Indonesia is a country that has a tropical climate with humidity high air which can reach 80%, as well as relatively high air temperature (can reach 35Â°C). While the comfortable air temperature ranges between 22.5Â°C - 29Â°C with humidity air ranges from 20% - 50%). Therefore, it is necessary to create comfort thermal space in the space where people perform movement and activity. One of the things the most important thing is the use of the roof. The roof has an influence on temperature and comfort in space, especially in terms of material use and shape selection roof of the building. The use of roof forms with different materials certainly will creates a different effect on buildings.

Application Of The Green Building Concept In Children's Libraries

Marsella Vannesa — 2024-12-04

There is a low rate of literacy in Indonesian society. The poor interest in reading among Indonesians makes this worse. One of the key facilities for enhancing the caliber of human resources is the library. A venue for the dissemination of knowledge is the library. Global developments are significantly influenced by fast-evolving knowledge and technology. As much as 70% of Indonesian pupils, according to a 2018 assessment by the Program for International Pupils Assessment (PISA), have poor reading skills and are unable to identify the main idea of a brief paragraph. With these circumstances, Indonesian libraries are unable to sustain the country's population's desire in reading. To develop reading skills from an early age, this paper will undertake green building research in kid-friendly apartment complexes and libraries and investigate design approaches that utilize these concepts to boost user comfort and productivity. The process involves examining library resources found in both online and print scientific journals. This research develops a green building design concept with several applications, such as integrating green open space on the building site into a central green open space in an exemplary garden, integrating each floor of the building into green open space, maximizing daylight for building lighting during the day, using solar panels to store energy from sunlight, and using filtered rinse water to water plants.

Keywords: children's library, green building, literacy