Effect of Nano herbal Haramounting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) in Histology of Heart Mus musculus

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of histology of heart Mus musculus after giving Nano Herbal Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Haramonting). R.tomentosa (Haramonting) is made on a nanoscale using High Energy Milling (HEM). This research use the Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Treatment consists of 6 groups, namely: Control: CMC 0.5%; T1:100mg/20gBW; T2: 141,42mg/20gBW; T3:200mg/20gBW; T4: 282,82mg/20gBW; T5:400mg/20gBW. The results of histology hearts that there were significant difference (P<0,05) between control group and treatment groups but there was not significantly different in weight of hearts (P>0,05).


Introduction
Nanotechnology and study of nanoscale has grown rapidly over the past few years in large numbers with various product results. This provides opportunities for material development ie for medical applications, where conventional techniques can reach their limits (Ratnam et al, 2006) The marketed nano herbal products are Aegis. Lifepak Nano, Nano phyto proflex, Nano garcinia raspberry, Nano green coffee, Nano D3. Curcuma longa, Gymnema sylvestre, salvia miltiorrhiza, proteins and many more. Hence nano herbal drugs has become the broad view of new nanotech era for better and safer health care (Rajeshwar et al, 2018). Nanotechnology commonly refers to structures that are up to several 100 nm in size which can be increased up to 1000 nm. Nanoscale materials have a particle size of a billionth of a meter (Haskel, 2019). The use of herbal medicines has been practiced for thousands of years ago and has a smaller effect compared to synthetic drugs, In addition, the presence of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals derived from plants also play a role in improving herbs in the market (Thapa et al, 2013). Herbal remedies have hundreds of constituent constituents that all work together to fight disease (Yadav et al, 2011). Various nanoscale materials such as nanomaterials, nanoparticles, nanocomposers, nanoenergy, nanomedicine and nanoherbal.
Therefore the size of the drug given is smaller than the size of the cells of the human body, the drug ingredients are easy to the cell and a better bioavailability reaction occurs, like bacterial cells, The drug ingredients has a smaller particle size than bacterial cells will cause the drug ingredients to easily penetrate bacterial cells, thus inhibiting bacterial growth more quicklyt  (Limsuwan et al, 2009). The heart is one of the organs that play a role in the circulatory system. The heart is a vital organ in the body, even though the heart does not target to organ in the toxicity test, this organ can damaged by chemicals compound. So, this study was conducted to determine the safety effect of haramonting on the nanoscale in heart muscle cells.

Materials and Methods
This research used 30 male mice with an average weight of 20-25g age 12-18 weeks in Biological Laboratory, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Haramonting is made into a nanoscale using High Energy Milling (HEM). R.tomentosa leaves are washed, then dried in accordance with the requirements of water content using high energy milling (HEM), then Simplicia as the destructive medium is inserted into the jar container,  program with Kruskal Wallis test. There were significant differences in heart cell damage in each treatment (P <0.05) except Control group with T1, T3 with T4 and T5 (P>0.05). The highest increase in T5 and the lowest damage at CMC 0.5% (Control) although damage in the control group is almost similar to T1 (Fig.1). Damage to heart muscle tissue due to chemical compounds (drugs) is indicated by the amount of picnotic cell nucleus in the heart, which will cause changes in the function and structure of the heart. In addition to Haramonting, necrosis in the hearts can also be caused by several things such as lack of blood supply, toxin, no nerve innervation, temperature, radioactive light and mechanical trauma (Berata et al, 2011).  Haramonting has secondary metabolites such as phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids and triterpenoids. Phenol, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and triterpenoids are known to have antioxidant effects. . Saponins can cause hemolysis by influencing lipid bilayers in the protein membranes of red blood cells thus causing pore formation in the red blood cell membrane (Baumann et al, 2005;Gauthier et al, 2009). It is therefore known that the administration of Nano-R.tomentosa at a dose level can cause cell necrosis in muscle hearts.

Conclussion
There are significant differences in heart cell damage in each treatment (P<0.05) So, Nano herbal of Haramonting with excessive doses causes increased necrosis in muscle hearts.