Journal of Environmental and Development Studies

The Effect of Agro-Industrial Waste Mixtures on Productivity and Nutrient Content of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (hermetia illucens)

Muhammad Primo Arifki — 2024-03-04

The feed media content plays an essential role in the growth of BSF larvae; appropriate feed content will provide optimal growth for BSF larvae. Agricultural industrial waste contains high levels of protein, fiber, and carbohydrates, which play an essential role in the growth and nutrition of BSF larvae. This study aims to determine the effect of providing agricultural waste as feed on the relative growth rate, rate of degradation of organic waste, and the nutritional content of BSF biomass. This research is an experimental study using various levels of experiments from the Laboratory of Standardization and Industrial Services Center in Medan, Indonesia, using the SNI 01-2891-1992 method, which consisted of ash content, carbohydrates, total fat, protein, and crude fiber. The results showed that the feed media's protein content would be more easily digested than the more complex carbohydrate and fiber content. It will increase protein content in feed media, giving a higher growth rate in larva BSF. The feed media with the highest protein content causes the feed media to be consumed more quickly, producing lower unconsumed feed residue and showing the highest degradation rate. The high protein content in the feed media can increase Proteobacteria bacteria and increase the protein bioconversion process in the intestines of BSF larvae.

Analysis of Flood Inundation Vulnerability to the Deli Watershed of North Sumatra Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

Arya Wardhana — 2024-03-04

Deli watersheds are listed as one of the most heavily damaged watersheds in Indonesia, and this causes many problems, such as floods, flash floods, and landslides. Studying this watershed becomes essential because the Deli watershed passes through a major city and has become the main source of flood and other natural disasters in the city such as Medan, The study aims to detect the vulnerability level of the areas around the watershed and the most rapid and possible way to study it is by using remote sensing and GIS, the overlay method by considering several parameters that affect the level of vulnerability to flooding in Deli Watershed, North Sumatra. Some of the parameters considered include the topographic wetness index, slope, land elevation, river flow density, land use cover, normalized difference vegetation index, distance to river, and rainfall. Each parameter is given a weight and value according to each classifier. The overlay process is carried out using ArcGIS 10.8.1 software, results are divided into 5 levels of area vulnerabilities all around the area, the study shows that all parts of Medan City in the Deli watershed have a high level of flood vulnerability and some areas with higher ground elevation such as Tanah Karo have spots area that is vulnerable with floods such as Daulu District with 0.45 ha and Semangat Gunung District with 0.63 ha of its areas are vulnerable to floods. The Topographic wetness index, Normalized difference vegetation Index, slope, and land use are the main factors causing flooding with weighting values 16, 13, 11, and 14. The other parameters elevation, flow density, distance to the river, rainfall, and soil class each have weighting values 7, 10, 11, 8, and 10. Slope with a range of 0-8% in most areas of Medan City are classified as very prone to flood inundation. This is due to the area's flat topography and low river flow density, the existing 3.5 km old sewer in the Deli Tua area is unable to accommodate the flood inundation load in the city of Medan and it is necessary to build two new sewers which are more effective and efficient in diverting the flow of water, before entering the city of Medan which makes the area vulnerable to becoming a water catchment area when it rains, thereby increasing the risk of flooding. With this flood-prone map, efforts to manage and mitigate floods in Medan City can be carried out. Information on vulnerable locations can be used to take appropriate preventive and countermeasures, such as building adequate drainage, regulating land use, and controlling river flows.

The Effect of Education, Health and Social Expenditure Allocations on the Human Development Index (HDI) Level of the City District Aceh Province

Zulpadli Siregar — 2024-03-04

This study explores the effects of government expenditure allocations in education, health, and social sectors on the Human Development Index (HDI) levels in Aceh Province, Indonesia. The Human Development Index, introduced by the United Nations Development Programme, measures a country's achievements in health (life expectancy), education (mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling), and standard of living (GNI per capita). Recognizing the pivotal role these expenditures play in enhancing community welfare, this research aims to address the critical issues of economic disparities and limited access to education and healthcare in the Babussalam District, Southeast Aceh Regency. By employing a quantitative approach and analyzing data from 314 respondents through multiple regression analysis, the findings indicate that allocations for education, health, and social programs significantly influence the HDI levels, highlighting the crucial impact of targeted government spending on improving human development outcomes. The study underscores the importance of development and empowerment programs, advocating for strategic investments in these key area to foster community welfare and development