Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital USU

Neny Pristiwati Harahap; R Lia Kusumawati; Noni Novisari Soeroso; Santi Syafril; Gema Nazri Yanni

doi:10.32734/jetromi.v7i3.20809

Authors

Neny Pristiwati Harahap Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara
R Lia Kusumawati Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Noni Novisari Soeroso Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Santi Syafril Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gema Nazri Yanni Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32734/jetromi.v7i3.20809

Keywords:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, pulmonary tuberculosis, risk factors, comorbidity, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are major global health concerns with a bidirectional relationship that exacerbates clinical outcomes. Indonesia faces a high prevalence of both diseases; however, specific risk factors contributing to the incidence of Type 2 DM (T2DM) among pulmonary TB patients remain underexplored, particularly in North Sumatra. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with T2DMin patients with pulmonary TB.

Method: A retrospective case-control study was conducted involving 80 participants, comprising 40 pulmonary TB patients with T2DM and 40 without DM. Data were obtained from electronic medical records and analyzed using Chi-square tests, Fisher’s Exact Test, and multivariate logistic regression.

Result Educational level (OR = 5.001; p = 0.027), occupational status (OR = 3.500; p = 0.038), and nutritional status based on body mass index (OR = 3.498; p = 0.017) were significantly associated with the incidence of T2DM in pulmonary TB patients.

Result: No significant associations were found for age, gender, radiographic findings, or smoking habits. Higher educational level, employment in the private sector, and having a normal to overweight BMI are key risk factors for T2DM among pulmonary TB patients.