Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)

Anemia Profile in Cancer Patients at Adam Malik Hospital for the Period June 2022 to May 2023

Beneditto Alfinus Sihombing — 2024-09-26

Background: Cancer is a condition of rapid and uncontrolled cell growth. Anemia in cancer patients is a condition that will worsen the quality of life and prognosis of cancer patients. The study aimed to determine the incidence, severity of anemia, and characteristics of cancer patients who experience anemia at the Adam Malik Hospital for the period June 2022 to May 2023.

Methods: This study is a descriptive study with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. Using 97 samples of medical record data of cancer patients with the subject of cancer patients. The analysis used was univariate.

Results: This study involved 97 cancer patients, there were 67 (69.1%) patients who experienced anemia, including 14 (20.9%) people with a mild degree of anemia, 33 (49.3%) people moderate degree, and 20 (29.9%) people severe degree. Of the 67 cancer patients who experienced anemia, the dominant anemia occurred in female patients as many as 38 (56.7%) people with an adult age group (18-44 years) as many as 31(46.3%) people diagnosed as hematological malignancies as many as 34 (50.7%) people with nutritional status in the normal weight group as many as 27 (40.3%) people, and as many as 46 (68.7%) people cancer patients who experienced anemia did not have comorbidities.

Conclusion: Most cancer patients experienced anemia of moderate degree (69.1%), female gender, with adult age group (18-44 years), diagnosed as hematological malignancies, with nutritional status normal weight group, and had no comorbidities

The Relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Degree of Hypertension in Hypertensive Patients

Clara Angelina — 2024-09-26

Background: Hypertension is a global health problem that attacks 1.28 billion adults aged 30-79 years. Hypertension is a chronic disease characterized by an increase in systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg. Calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI) is a method for determining nutritional status in adults. An increase in the BMI value is followed by an increase in blood pressure, thus increasing the chance of developing hypertension as well as the degree of hypertension. This study aims to determine the relationship between BMI and the degree of hypertension in hypertensive sufferers at Prof. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital Medan.

Method: This research uses a cross-sectional design and descriptive-analytical research methods. The samples for this study are 84 people obtained from secondary data of medical records and used simple random sampling techniques. The collected data is analyzed by a statistical program using the Fisher-Exact test with a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results: Most hypertension degrees are hypertension stage 2 and the classification of BMI is obese 1. There is a relationship between BMI and the degree of hypertension (p=0.02).

Conclusion: Most of the patients are hypertension stage 2 and obese 1. There is a relationship between BMI and hypertension in hypertensive patients. It means BMI is a risk factor for hypertension.

Knowledge and Preventive Behaviour Regarding Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Infection Amongst Final-Year Medical Students in Universitas Sumatera Utara

Maryori Eklesia — 2024-09-26

Background: Escherichia coli, a gram-negative facultative anaerobe bacterium is one of the most important etiologies of acute diarrhea, still a serious public health problem and cause of morbidity and mortality in infants, children, the elderly, and people with immune deficiency. The source of contamination is through the consumption of contaminated food, improperly processed dairy and agricultural products, and contact with people who have poor hygiene. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of knowledge and preventive behavior regarding Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli infection.

Method: The type of research in this study is descriptive. The research was conducted by collecting data using a Level of knowledge and preventive behavior regarding the diarrheagenic Escherichia coli infection questionnaire which will be given to respondents.

Result: The results were obtained from 100 people. For the level of knowledge, there were 64 (64%) people who had good knowledge, 29 (29%) moderate people, and 7 (7%) low people. For the level of preventive behavior, 81 (81%) people of good behavior were found, 18 (18%) people were moderate and 1 (1%) were low.

Conclusion: The majority of final-year medical students of Universitas Sumatera Utara are in a good category both in knowledge and preventive behavior regarding Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli.

Characteristics of Drug Sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Primary Health Center Laubaleng During Covid-19

Lily — 2024-09-26

Background: Primary Health Center Laubaleng (PHCLB) first used the System Information Tuberculosis (SITB) at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. SITB is more effective and efficient than manual, contains TB patient data, and is easy to view again. This research aims to describe the characteristics of Drug Sensitive Pulmonary TB (DSPTB) patients at the PHCLB during COVID-19 from SITB which is useful for detecting TB risk group cases.

Method: The research type was descriptive quantitative with a cross-sectional approach by comparing each age group, productivity, and gender. All DSPTB patients were recorded and reported in the SITB PHCLB database during the COVID-19 pandemic from January to December 2020, 2021, and 2022. SITB database access permitted by PHCLB, Jl. Renun, No. 597, Laubaleng District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia

Results: The largest percentage of DSPTB patients were aged 45-54 years in year 2022 (41.4%). The productive age category (15-64 years) dominated not (≥65 years) and not yet productive (0-14 years) in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively 90.9%, 85.4%, and 86.2%. The total number of DSPTB decreased in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively 55, 48, and 29 people.

Conclusion: Characteristics of DSPTB from SITB PHCLB during the Covid-19 pandemic, were mostly in the adult age category 45-54 years, productive (15-64 years), male and total number of patients decreased by 7 and 19 people respectively.

Perianal Fistula Due to Tuberculosis Infection: A Case Report

Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinaga — 2024-09-26

Introduction: Approximately 5% of all cases of tuberculosis are extrapulmonary. A rare extrapulmonary variant of the disease is known as perianal tuberculosis, which accounts for 0.001% of all extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases.

Case Report: A 28-year-old male presented with intermittent chronic anal pain and purulent discharge from the anal for 6 months, without respiratory complaints. Chest X-Ray examination shows minimal infiltrate on the right lung apex and broncho vascular pattern partially covered with infiltrate. Fistulotomy has been done three times in this patient within 6 months. Colonoscopy examination shows recti polyp, and the histopathology result from biopsy specimen taken from the last fistulotomy is tuberculosis-specific chronic inflammatory process. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus test is negative. This patient has been treated with anti-tuberculosis treatment for 7 months and 2 months after consuming it the wound on the perianal is healing and the patient’s weight is gaining 10 kgs within 7 months.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of perianal tuberculosis is challenging, especially in the absence of pulmonary focus. Tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of perianal ulcers and fistulas, mainly in non-healing and recurrent anal lesions, especially in regions where tuberculosis is endemic. Management with anti-tuberculosis treatment can provide complete recovery.

Characteristics of Tuberculosis Patients in the Binuang Health Center in the 2021-2022 Period

Muhammad Furqan — 2024-09-26

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by infection with the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. WHO revealed that TB is the 13th cause of death and the second infectious killer after COVID-19. If TB is not treated or the treatment is incomplete, it can cause dangerous complications and death. The study aims to find out the characteristics of TB patients at the Binuang Community Health Center in the 2021-2022 period.

Methods: This research uses descriptive research methods with a cross-sectional study design. Using 70 samples of medical record data from patients who had been diagnosed with TB at the Binuang Community Health Center in 2021-2022. The analysis used was univariate.

Results: The majority of patients were in the 51-60-year-old group (21.4%), male (74.3%), had at least elementary school education (37.1%), did not have a job or were self-employed (22.9% ), married (68.6%), bacteriologically confirmed TB group (68.6%), anatomically located in the lungs (85.7%), including new cases (97.1%), category 1 treatment (91, 4%), the result of treatment was cured (64.3%), clinical symptoms of cough > 2 weeks (87.1%), negative HIV status (87.1%), and negative DM status (80%).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, it is hoped that the community health center will complete data relating to patient illnesses to help research quantity and quality variables. For primary health workers to further increase public knowledge about TB disease and the importance of taking TB medication regularly