Pemetaan Kandungan P-Tersedia, P-Total dan Logam Berat Kadmium pada Lahan Sawah di Desa Pematang Nibung Kecamatan Medang Deras Kabupaten Batu Bara

Mapping of P-Available Content, P-Total and Cadmium in Paddy Fields of Pematang Nibung Village Medang Deras District, Batu Bara Regency

Abstract

This study aims to map P-Available, P-Total and Cadmium in paddy fields of Pematang Nibung Village, Medang Deras Subdistrict, Batu Bara District, with 109 ha of paddy fields area. This Study carried out from March to August 2018. The method used in this research was grid survey method that observe the soil are carried out in regular pattern (the interval of observation points is equidistant in the vertical and horizontal directions). So that there are 14 points of 450 m longitude and latitude, analyzed its PAvailable nutrient data (ppm) using Bray II method with spectrophotometer, P-Total (%) by using HNO3 extraction method with spectrophotometer and Cadmium (ppm) by using AAS (Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometer) and interpolated it on maps with QGIS software and correlation analysis with Microsoft Excel. The results showed the distribution of high P-Available (53.39-159.06 ppm) nutrient status hara was as much as 109 ha (100 %). Distribution of Medium P-Total (0.06-0.07 %) nutrient status was as much as 26,87 ha (24.65 %), and rather high P-Total (0.09-0.10 %) was as much as 21.87ha (20.06 %), and high P-Total (0.11-0.13 %) was as much as 60.26 ha (55.28 %). Distribution of (0.01-0.05 ppm) uncontaminated Cadmium was as much as 109 ha (100 %). The analysis of P-Available correlation coefficient value was very weak related and not significant for P-Total which is 0.90. The analysis of P-Available correlation coefficient value is weak related and not significant for Cadmium which is -0.32. The analysis of P-Total correlation coefficient value was very weak related and not significant for Cadmium which is 0.10.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan P-Tersedia, P-Total dan Logam Berat Kadmium pada lahan sawah di desa Pematang Nibung Kecamatan Medang Deras Kabupaten Batu Bara dengan luas lahan sawah 109 ha yang dilaksanakan mulai bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey grid yang pengamatan tanah dilakukan dengan pola teratur (interval titik pengamatan berjarak sama pada arah vertikal dan horizontal). Sehingga diperoleh 14 titik pengambilan sampel tanah dengan jarak 450 m secara bujur dan lintang. Analisis hara meliputi P-Tersedia (ppm) dengan metode Bray II diukur dengan Spectrophotometer, P-Total (%) dengan metode ekstraksi HNO3 diukur dengan Spectrophotometer, dan Logam Berat Kadmium (ppm) dengan AAS (Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometer) serta diinterpolasikan dalam peta dengan software QGIS dan analisis korelasi dengan Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran luas wilayah status hara P-Tersedia tinggi (53.39-159.06 ppm) seluas 109 ha (100 %). Sebaran luas wilayah status hara P-Total sedang (0.06-0.07 %) seluas 26.87 ha (24.65 %), dan P-Total agak tinggi (0.09-0.10 %) seluas 21.87 ha (20.06 %), dan PTotal Tinggi (0.11-0.13 %) seluas 60.26 ha (55.28 %). Sebaran luas wilayah status Logam Berat Kadmium tidak tercemar (0.01-0.05 ppm) seluas 109 ha (100 %). Analisis nilai koefisien korelasi P-Tersedia berhubungan sangat lemah dan tidak nyata terhadap P-Total yaitu sebesar 0.90. Analisis nilai koefisien korelasi P-Tersedia berhubungan lemah dan tidak nyata terhadap Logam Berat Kadmium yaitu sebesar -0.32. Analisis nilai koefisien korelasi P-Total berhubungan sangat lemah dan tidak nyata terhadap Logam Berat Kadmium yaitu sebesar 0.10.