Effect Processing Lamtoro Leaf (Leucaena leucocephala) As feed on Rex Rabbit Carcass

. This study aims to determine the best treatment of leaf lamtoro so it has not negative impact on the rabbit. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Biology of Animal Husbandry Department on Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara starting from August –October 2016. The design used in this study is completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replication. The treatments were utilization of lamtoro leaf treated by drying the sun (P0), oven (70 0 C; 12 hours) (P1), steaming (70 0 C ; 15 minutes + sun drying) (P2) and soaking (12 hours + sun drying) (P3). The parameters studied were slaughter weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage. The results showed that average slaughter weight (g/head) on treatment P0, P1, P2, P3 were 1562.20, 1576.60, 1413.20, and 1634.00; Carcass weight (g/head) were 780.60, 804.60, 693.40, and 815.60; Carcass percentage (%) were 50.17, 51.00, 48.98, 50.16 respectively. Stastical analysis showed that treatment lamtoro in a pellet ration had no significantly effect (P>0,05) on slaughter weight, and carcass percentage, but the had different effect (P<0.05) on the weight of carcass. The Conclusion of this study is processing lamtoro leaf soaking 12 hours + sun drying, oven 70 0 C; 12 hours, drying the sun aplicable on rabbit diet.


Introduction
Rabbit is one of the commodities of meat-producing livestock that has great potential to be developed because it has the properties and its ability to grow and multiply rapidly. A rabbit produces meat 50-60% of the weight of his life. Rabbit meat contains much lower fat and cholesterol compared to chicken, beef, lamb, and pork, but the protein content is higher [1]. In livestock farming cost of feed reaches 60-70% of total production cost. To reduce the cost of feed it is necessary to find a source of raw materials that are cheaper, easy to obtain, good nutrition, but not compete with human needs. One effort to reduce the cost of feed is to utilize leaf lamtoro which can be used as pellet ration for rabbits. Lamtoro is generally grown as a hedge plant and a protective crop for commercial crops. The characteristics of the lamtoro plant, among others, have a height of up to 20 meters, a double-pinnate compound leaf with a fin number of 3-10 pairs (Garcia et al., 1996). According to Hartadi et al., (2005) lamtoro plants are known to contain a very good protein used as animal feed. The nutrient content of lamtoro is crude protein (PK) 23.7%, crude fiber (SK) 18% and crude fat (LK) 5.8% [2].
Lamtoro including forage with high nutritional value but its use as animal feed should be limited. Lamtoro contains anti-nutritional substances, namely non-protein amino acids called mimosin, which can cause poisoning or health problems if consumed in large quantities and continuously for long periods of time [3]. Efforts in decreasing mimosine in lamtoro leaf can be done with the aid of vapor pressure, heating (drying or forging), soaking, adding sulfate salts, spraying with alkali, adding mimosine analog compounds, washing and genetic engineering to obtain new varieties of low mimosine [4].

Materials and Research Tools
The material used is 20 male rabbits rex rabbits, the ingredients of ration comprising corn flour, fine bran, fish meal, coconut meal, soybean meal, leucaena leucocephala flour, top mix, drinking water, rodalon as disinfectant , vitamins and supplements. The tool used is p x l x t that is 50 cm, size 20 pellet, pellet printing machine, grinder machine, feeding and drinking each 20 units, tsermometer, plastic sheeting as base for pellet mix, shalter scale 5 Kg capacity, , hygiene kennels

Research methods
The research method used was complete randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 5 replications so that 20 units of experiments were obtained.
The mathematical model of RAL is as follows: Cutting Weight (g / tail) Cut weight is obtained by weighing the final weights after dipuasakan 6-10 hours.

2.
Carcass weights (g / tail) The weight of carcass is obtained from the weighing of the meat with the rabbit that has been separated from the head to the base of the neck and from the feet to the ankle, the contents of the abdominal cavity, blood, tail and skin.

3.
Percentage of Carcass (%) Percentage of carcass that is carcass weight is divided with 100% cutting weight.
Percentage of Carcass (%) = Carcass weights Cutting Weight  Table 1 it can be seen that the diversity analysis showed that the effect of lamtoro leaf powder processing in the ration gave no significant effect (P> 0,05) on the male rex rabbit's weights. This is in line with the consumption of rations that also have no significant effect. As we know that the cut weight is closely related to the consumption of rations, the food substances that enter the body will also be higher so that the growth of livestock will be better which will ultimately increase the weight of the pieces produced In a study conducted by Suradiet et al. (2007) on the appearance of rabbits given ration containing lamtoro leaf and its effect on meat production with sun drying treatment on lamtoro leaf with 20% use of lamtoro leaf flour in rasum can decrease consumption of ration and cut weight [5]. In research conducted by Suradi et al., (2007) yielded cut weights that amounted to 1697.14 g. The difference of cut weights produced in the research conducted, it is suspected because of differences in treatment and the results of different feed consumption resulting in different cut weights produced [5].  770  595  839  686  577  693,40 b ± 112,19  815,60 a ± 61,54  P 3  773  831  797  915 762 Info: Different letter notation in the mean column shows significantly different (P <0.05) . From Table 2 it can be seen that the diversity analysis showed that the effect of lamtoro leaf flour significantly affected (P <0,05) on carcass weight. This is due to the treatment of P2 (humid heating, for 15 minutes + sun drying) obtained the lowest body weight of 118.8 ± 37.70 g / head / day resulting in a low average carcass weight of 693.40 ± 112.19 g / ekor, low body weight on P2 is caused by low ration consumption resulting in low protein consumption as it is known that protein has a great influence on the growth of tendon and also resulted in the percentage of meat will also decrease. This is in accordance with the statement Nataamidjaya ,. et al (1995) That carcass production is closely related to body weight, whereas body weight gain is influenced by the quality of rations and the amount of rations consumed by livestock [6].  Table 3 it can be seen that the diversity analysis showed that the effect of lamtoro leaf powder had no significant effect (P> 0,05) on the percentage of carcass. This is assumed because in each treatment has different effect is not significant on the weight of cut and the percentage of carcass, because cutting weight can affect the percentage of carcass produced by a cattle because the proportion of body parts that produce meat will increase in harmony with the body weight. In a study conducted by Suradi et al. (2007) on the appearance of rabbits given rations containing sun-dried lamtoro leaves with 20% use and their effect on meat production can decrease the percentage of rabbit carcasses [5].

Conclusions
Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena leucocephala) does not affect the cutting weight, and the percentage of carcass, but can affect carcass weight. Weight rabbit carcass on treatment water immersion (12 hours + sun drying), oven heating (70 0 C for 12 hours), and sun drying has higher carcass weight than moisture heating (70 0 C for 15 minutes + sunlight drying) .