The Potential of Giving Silage Feed Based on Corn Plant Waste (Zea mays) Using Local Microorganisms (Indigenous Microorganism) Against the Percentage of Non-Carcass on Local Sheep

. This study aims to examine the effect of complete corn waste based on silage feed on the percentage of non carcasses on local sheep. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Biology at the University of North Sumatra in May - August 2018. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications using sheep with an average initial weight of 11.2 ± 0.4 kg. The treatments consisted of four levels of complete silage feed based on corn waste P1 (20%), P2 (40%), P3 (60%), and P4 (80%).The parameters observed were: weight, head, foot, skin, tail, trachea and lungs, liver, heart, blood, and digestive tract.The results showed that complete feed based corn waste silage did not have a significant effect (P> 0.05) on the percentage of non-carcass weight such as skin, tail, trachea and lungs, blood and digestive tract, but gave a non-significant effect on the percentage non carcass weights such as head, feet, heart and liver. The conclusion of complete feed silage based on corn waste can have a significant influence on the internal non carcass (liver and heart) and external (head and foot) parts of male local sheep. In addition it gives a non significant influence on the non-internal carcass parts (trachea and lungs, blood and digestion) and the external (skin and tail) of male local sheep.


Introduction
Utilization of agricultural industrial waste is one way to find alternative feed ingredients for livestock, especially the use of corn waste. From the data [1] it was known that the harvested area of maize was around 243,772 ha, Production was 1,519,407 tons and the average production is 62, 33 kw / ha. According to [2], corn waste included 50% stems, 20% leaves, 10% shells and 20% corn cobs which are potential sources of feed ingredients because they are available throughout the year.
Ruminant is able to convert low-quality feed into high-value fermented products in the rumen, but its use as animal feed is not optimal because corn waste is classified as lowquality fiber feed, its digestibility and palatability is low. Therefore, so that the nutritional value and digestibility can be improved, processing needs to be done. One way to improve feed quality is silage technique [3].
The basic principle of making silage is forage fermentation by microbes which produce a lot of lactic acid or often known as LAB. The most dominant microbes are BAL homofermentative groups which are capable of fermentation in aerobic and anaerobic conditions.Lactic acid produced during fermentation acts as a preservative that can prevent forage from damage or attack by decay bacteria [4].
MOIYL is an indigenous microorganism based on oil palm plantation waste containing bacteria, fungi and yeast in the form of Bacillus sp YLB1, Trichoderma sp YLF8 and Saccharomyces sp YLY3 including microbes that have a high ability to degrade fiber (lignocellulose). Through the exploration of indigenous microbes, multi enzymes will be produced which play a role in the feed processing. Processing fermented feed using indigenous microbes will optimize the ability of rumen microorganisms to digest high fibrous feed [5], [6].
Based on this, the author wishes to carry out research to find out how much the role of local microorganisms as probiotics MOIYL in degrading fiber so that it can improve feed quality better and be able to improve the quality of non carcasses from male local sheep.

Methods
This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Biology, University of North Sumatra. This research lasted for 3 months which was conducted from May to August 2018.
The ddan material used was 12 male local sheep with an average weight of 11.2 ± 0.4 kg. Feed ingredients in the form of: Silage from corn waste, coconut meal, soybean meal, fish flour, rice bran, molasses, urea, salt and minerals, moiyl probiotics, vitamin B complex, drugs -worms, drinking water and rhodalon as disinfectants. Enclosures of 12 bulkheads measuring 1 x 1 m2 along with their fittings, scales with a capacity of 50 kg, scales with a capacity of 5 kg, plastic sheeting, sickles, chopper.

Implementation of Research Cage Preparation
Enclosures and all equipment used as a feed and drinking place are cleaned with a disinfectant solution.

Randomization of Sheep
The sheep used in this study were 12 animals. Placement of sheep with a random system aims that each sheep get the same opportunity by not distinguishing the body weight of the sheep. Previously weighing sheep body was carried out.

Giving of Feed and Drinking Water
Feed given is feed in the form of flour where all feed ingredients used are made in the form of concentrate feed as much as 2% of body weight and accompanied by Complete Silage Feed Based on Corn Waste is ready to be given to livestock the provision of silage of corn waste in the form of 10% of body weight. Feed is given in the morning at 08.00 WIB and in the afternoon at 16.00. The remaining feed is weighed in the morning the next day just before the animals are fed again to find out the livestock consumption. Before the research was conducted, it was given time to adapt for 1 week by giving it little by little. Provision of drinking water is given adlibitum, water is replaced every day and the place is washed clean.

Giving Medicines
The first sheep cattle entered the cage were given worm medicine before the study began. While other drugs are given when sheep are sick.

Data analysis
Data obtained from research results including feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion were analyzed based on a completely randomized design (CRD). In the above table it can be seen that the highest sheep head weight is in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which is equal to 89.45 gr and the lowest sheep head weight is at treatment P1 (20% complete feed silage + 80% concentrate) that is equal to 86.53 gr.

Average Weight of Head
To find out the effect of complete silage based corn feed silage on head weight can be seen in Table 2. Note: * = Real From the results of the study it can be seen that Fcount is greater than F Table (P <0.05) so it can be concluded that complete feed silage based on MOIYL fermented corn waste gave a significant effect on head weight in sheep. This is because the head is a component that experiences growth at the beginning of life so that at the stage of growth the weight gain of the head is not significant, this is in accordance with statement [7] stating that the head is a component that experienced large growth at the beginning of life, but decreased growth in end of life. In the table above, it can be seen that the highest average leg weight of sheep is in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) that is equal to 40.40 gr and the lowest sheep head weight is at treatment P1 (20% complete feed silage + 80% concentrate ) that is equal to 37.40 gr.

Average Leg Weight
To determine the effect of complete silage feed based on corn waste on foot weight can be seen in Table 4. From the results of the study it can be seen that Fcount is greater than F Table (P <0.05) so that it can be concluded that the complete feed silage based on MOIYL fermented corn waste gave a significant effect on leg weight in sheep. This is because the foot is a component that experiences growth at the beginning of life and high consumption of nutrients influences the growth of foot weight. This is in accordance with the statement [7] in [8], stating that the head and feet are components that experience large growth at the beginning of life, but experience a decline in growth at the end of life. [9], states that consumption of high nutrition affects foot weight at the same body weight. From the table above it can be seen that the highest average weight of sheep skin which is complete silage based on corn waste is found in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which is 148.90 gr and the lowest weight is in treatment P1 (20% silage complete feed + 80% concentrate) that is equal to 121.61 gr To find out the effect of complete feed silage on skin weight can be seen in Table  6. From the results of the study it can be seen that the F count is smaller than F Table (P> 0.05) so it can be concluded that the complete silage feed based on MOIYL fermented corn waste did not have a significant effect on skin weight in local sheep. This is because the increase in cutting weight is closely related to the weight of the skin, where the greater the weight of the cut the greater the weight percentage of the skin because the greater the weight of the cut the area and volume of the skin will be greater. This is in accordance with the statement [7], indicating that the weight of the skin and the volume of blood in the sheep are proportional to the weight of the cut.  Table 7 it can be seen that the highest average sheep weight given complete corn-based silage feed is found in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which is equal to 4.03 gr and the lowest sheep weight is in treatment P1 (feed silage complete 20% + concentrate 80%) that is equal to 3.31 gr. To find out the effect of complete feed silage on tail weight can be seen in Table  8. From the results of the study it can be seen that the F count is smaller than F Table (P> 0.05) so it can be concluded that complete feed silage based on MOIYL fermented corn waste did not have a significant effect on tail weight in local sheep. This is suspected because the sheep used are local sheep so that the fat is not in the tail, but in other parts such as the viscera. This is in accordance with statement [7], which states that fat deposition in local sheep is not in the tail, but in other parts such as the viscera and the lower part of the skin. From Table 9, it can be seen that the average tracheal weight and the highest lung lung given complete corn-based silage feed is found in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which is 17.98 gr and tracheal weight and sheep lungs the lowest is in treatment P1 (complete 20% silage feed + 80% concentrate) that is equal to 16.01 gr. To find out the effect of complete feed silage on trachea and lung weights can be seen in Table 10. Note: nr = Not Real From the results of the study it can be seen that the F count is smaller than F Table (P.050.05) so it can be concluded that complete feed silage based on MOIYL fermented corn waste did not have a significant effect on trachea and lung weight in local sheep. This is because the trachea and lungs are a vital tool for the body so that the difference in nutrition of the treated feed affects the percentage of tracheal and lung weight. [10], states that the increase in the weight percentage of the tracheal and pulmonary component in real non-carcasses is quantitatively caused by increased metabolic activity with increased consumption of nutrients. From Table 11 it can be seen that the highest sheep liver weight given complete corn-based silage feed is found in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which is 26.95 gr and the lowest sheep weight is in treatment P1 (complete feed silage 20% + 80% concentrate) which is equal to 24.64 gr. To find out the effect of complete silage feed based on corn waste on liver weight can be seen in Table 12. Note: * = Real From the results of the study it can be seen that the F count is smaller than F Table (P <0.05) so it can be concluded that complete feed silage based on MOIYL fermented corn waste gave a significant effect on liver weight in local sheep. This is because the growth of internal organs such as the liver varies, meaning that each animal has a different growth of liver weight, some are slow and some experience rapid growth. In accordance with statement [9], which states that the growth patterns of the liver, kidneys and digestive tract show variation, whereas digestive and metabolic organs show large changes in weight according to their nutritional status. From Table 13 it can be seen that the highest heart weight of sheep given complete feed silage based on corn waste was found in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which was 6.09 gr and the lowest heart weight of the sheep was treatment P1 (complete feed silage 20% + 80% concentrate) which is equal to 5.45 gr.

Average Heart Weight
To find out the effect of complete silage feed based on corn waste on heart weight can be seen in Table 14. It is suspected that the feed ingredients given affect the percentage of heart weight. According to [11] in [12] stated that feed ingredients can affect the weight gain of non-carcass components of sheep which consume high-energy feed, have a heavier heart than those who consume lower energy. Coupled with [13], states that body weight and heart have a relationship that is directly proportional where the higher the body weight, the higher the weight of the heart. From Table 15 it can be seen that the highest blood weight of sheep given complete corn-based silage feed was found in treatment P4 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which was 33.21 gr and the lowest blood weight of sheep was treatment P1 (complete feed silage 20% + 80% concentrate) that is equal to 31.09 gr. To find out the effect of complete feed silage on blood weight can be seen in Table 16. Note: nr = Not Real From the results of the study it can be seen that the calculated F is greater than F Table (P˃0.05) so it can be concluded that complete silage feed based on MOIYL fermented corn waste did not have a significant effect on blood weight in local sheep. This is because the greater the cutting weight the greater the blood weight percentage because the greater the weight of the cut, the greater the volume of blood in the whole body. This is in accordance with the statement [7], which states that skin weight and blood volume in sheep are proportional to the weight of the slaughter. From Table 17 it can be seen that the highest digestive weight of the digestive tract given complete corn-based silage feed is found in treatment P1 (80% complete feed silage + 20% concentrate) which is 241.68 gr and the lowest digestive weight of sheep is P2 treatment (silage 20% complete feed + 80% concentrate) which is equal to 185.09 gr. To find out the effect of complete feed silage on the weight percentage of the digestive tract can be seen in Table 18. From the results of the study it can be seen that F count is smaller than F Table (P (0.05) so it can be concluded that the complete feed silage based on MOIYL fermented corn waste does not have a significant effect on the digestive tract weight in local sheep. This is due to the treatment that has a significant effect on the weight of local sheep slaughter studied because the growth rate is directly proportional to the weight of the digestive tract. This is in accordance with [14], who stated that the rate of growth of several non-carcass components is almost the same as the rate of growth of the body, for example the abomasum and large intestine reach maturity almost simultaneously with the body. The small intestine grows faster than the large intestine and abomasum. The weight of the rumen, reticulum and omasum increases rapidly at the beginning of post natal life. Nevertheless the total weight of the digestive tract decreases when it reaches maturity. This is also supported by the results of the study [15] which states that the cut weight in sheep gives a different influence on the percentage of the digestive tract.

Conclusions
The provision of complete feed silage based on corn waste can have a significant effect on the internal non-carcass (liver and heart) and external (head and foot) parts of male local sheep. And gives an unrealistic influence on the non-internal carcass parts (trachea and lungs, blood and digestion) and external parts (male local skin and equator