Jurnal Pertanian Tropik

Exploration of Local Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) from Semen Sub- District, Kediri, East Java Based on Morphological Character and Geograpical Factor

Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati — 2023-05-26

The purpose of this study is to identify morphological characters and determine the local durian distribution map in Semen District, Kediri Regency. This study uses a purposive sampling method to collect data. Local durian coordinates analyzed using QGIS version 3.6 software. Morphological character is examined by observing morphology. Micro climate factors measured are height, intensity, temperature and humidity of the soil and air, soil pH. The results show that local durin morphology in Semen District Kediri Regency has diversity. There are 10 local durian plants found based on their geographical character. The dendogram results show that local durian has similarities based on its morphological character. This morphological variation dependent to light intensity, altitudinal, the velocity of wind and soil nutrient factors.

Local Upland Rice Varieties, Solutions to Food Security in Dry Land

muhammad syahril syahril — 2023-06-03

Indonesia is an agricultural country with the fourth largest population in the world. However, climate change is having a major impact on agricultural production due to increased dry land. For effective agricultural disaster management, it is important to understand and measure drought in rice crop production. The research was conducted by designing a drought agro-ecosystem using PEG 6000. Eleven local upland rice varieties were tested with two sensitive varieties and one tolerant upland rice variety as a comparison. The study was designed using a randomized block design with five replications and tested with an analysis of variance using the contrast method. The results showed that local varieties were more tolerant to drought abiotic stress when compared to inbreed and hybrid varieties. Local varieties showed non significant differences with the varieties recommended for dry land.

Morphological Characterization of Saprophyte Fungi on Cocoa Fruit Peel Litter

Ahmad Ilham Tanzil — 2023-06-13

Cocoa is an important commodity crop in Indonesia. However, current obstacles related to the problem of cocoa shell litter which is slow to decompose are an obstacle in plantation management. Therefore it is necessary to conduct research related to the exploration and identification of saprophytic fungi in cocoa pod litter. Samples of cocoa pod litter were taken at PTPN XII, while the isolation and identification processes were carried out at the Mycology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. From the results of macroscopic and microscopic identification, nine isolates of saprophytic fungi were obtained consisting of seven genera, namely Candida sp., Penicillium sp., Fusidium sp., Rhizopus sp., Chepalosporium sp., Trichoderma sp.1, Trichoderma sp.2, Aspergillus sp., and Trichoderma sp. 3.

Application of Turmeric Extract Botanical Insecticide On Feeding Activity And Mortality Of Spodoptera Litura Larvae

Nurmaisah — 2023-09-07

This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of turmeric extract as a botanical insecticide on the feeding activity and mortality of Spodoptera litura larvae. The method used in this study was a toxicity test using the leaf dip method. The experiment employed a completely randomized design with combinations of turmeric extract concentrations (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 grams per liter of water) and instar types (1 and 2). The results showed that the application of turmeric extract on cabbage leaves reduced the feeding activity of instar 2 and 3 larvae. Meanwhile, the turmeric extract had an effect on the mortality of instar 2 and 3 larvae only at a concentration of 16%. The symptoms observed in the dead larvae were changes in color and body texture. The conclusion of this research is that 16% is the minimum effective concentration of turmeric extract on instar 2 and 3 S. litura larvae. This study should be continued on other instar types at the field scale.

Study Of N, P, K Nutrient Uptake In Rice Plants With Total Soil Microbes In Sei Nahodaris Village, Panai Tengah District, Labuhanbatu Regency

Abdul Rauf — 2023-09-12

The physical, chemical and biological quality of the soil has deteriorated due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers in paddy fields and neglect to return organic matter to the soil. Populations of soil biota involved in nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubility decrease below this. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between rice plants in Satiman, Sei Nahodaris Village, Panai Tengah District, Labuhan Batu Regency, and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K. This research was conducted from October to December 2022. In paddy fields, five zigzag sampling points were used to collect rice plant leaves and rhizosphere soil for sampling. Nutrient uptake of N, P, and K, in addition to total microbial, were the parameters analyzed in this study. The direct Pearson correlation method was used to perform the analysis. Analysis showed that sampling point number 5 had the highest microbial population, namely 9.53 x 106.N, P, and K absorbed at an average of 3.51 percent (optimum), 0.27 percent (excess), and 1.306 percent (optimum). The relationship between total soil microbes and N, P, and K uptake is weak and negative (-0.212) with a closeness of 4.50 percent; very high (0.94) and positive with a closeness level of 88 percent; it is moderate and negative; and weak and negative.-0.46), with a similarity level of 21 percent. So it can be said that phosphate solubilizing bacteria dominate soil microbes in rice plants in Sei Nahodaris Village, Panai Tengah District, Labuhan Batu

Effectiveness of Ozone Spray to Control Capnodium citri Fungus on Guava Plants (Psidium guajava)

Sutriono Sutriono — 2023-09-14

Persebaran penyakit embun jelaga pada area tanaman terbilang mudah dan cepat, sehingga diperlukan suatu teknik pengendalian untuk mengendalikan penyakit embun jelaga. Larutan fungisida bisa digunakan sebagai bahan pengendalian karena secara signifikan mampu menurunkan intensitas serangan penyakit embun jelaga, namun penggunaan fungisida menyebabkan tercemarnya lingkungan akibat residu dari fungisida yang telah diaplikasikan³. Gangguan penyakit embun jelaga yang disebabkan oleh jamur Capnodium citri Berk. & Desm., ditandai dengan lapisan jamur hanya menutupi permukaan daun dan tidak bersifat sebagai parasit, tetapi tetap merugikan karena menghambat metabolisme terutama proses fotosintesa⁶. Cara yang dilakukan dalam mengendalikan intensitas penyakit embun jelaga adalah menggunakan Ozon. Ozon yang digunakan berasal dari generator ozon dengan metode lucutan plasma atau corona discharge. Ozon (O₃) merupakan oksidan yang kuat dan berpotensi sebagai bahan desinfektan yang mampu membunuh mikroorganisme patogen seperti bakteri, virus dan jamur. Dalam mengamati efektivitas spray ozone dalam mengendalikan jamur Capnodium citri dilakukan dengan 4 tahap. Pertama, membangkitkan ozone menggunakan reaktor yang diberikan tegangan tinggi dengan panjang reaktor 10cm dan laju udara 5 L/menit. Reaktor diberi tegangan tinggi. Kedua, menghitung konsentrasi ozon menggunakan metode titrasi. Ketiga, perlakuan Jamur Capnodium citri dengan konsentrasi ozon 150 ppm dimasukkan kedalam air sebanyak 1000 ml selama kontrol (0 menit), 5 menit, 10 menit, 15 menit yang di injeksi ozone. Keempat, pengujian total jamur C. citri yang mati. Jamur Capnodium citri diperoleh dari tanaman jambu (Psidium guajava) yang diletakkan ke dalam cawan petri dan dibawa ke laboratorium. Jamur Capnodium citri dibawa melalui transportasi dengan waktu 30 menit. Jamur Capnodium citri kemudian dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (Kontrol, 5 menit, 10 menit, 15 menit) yang di injeksikan ozone. Dari hasil pengujian yang optimum dilakukan didapatkan bahwa paparan ozon diwaktu 15 menit adalah yang paling efektif sebagai desinfeksi dan begitu juga pada efek paparan ozon pada 15 menit terlihat hancur dinding selnya.