Jurnal Pertanian Tropik

Waste Mixture Utilization as Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Growing Media

Tjatur Prijo Rahardjo — Sat, 10 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Growth media composition needs to be considered because it can affect the growth and development of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Wood factory waste in the form of sawdust is commonly used as oyster mushroom’s growth media. However, problem arises when the source of growing media is difficult to access from the cultivation location. There’s a need for an alternative mushroom growing media that is cheap and accessible. Some of them are rice bran, soybean husk, and bagasse which are agricultural wastes. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain the best media composition for oyster mushroom’s growth and production. This study was compiled using one factor completely randomized design (CRD) namely, (M1) 1 kg of sengon sawdust and 1 ounce rice bran; (M2) 1 kg of sengon sawdust and 1 ounce soybean husk; (M3) 1 kg of sengon sawdust and 1 ounce bagasse; (M4) 1 kg of sengon sawdust, ounce rice bran and ounce soybean husk; (M5) 1 kg of sengon sawdust, ounce rice bran and ounce bagasse; and (M6) 1 kg of sengon sawdust, ounce rice bran, ounce soybean husk and ounce bagasse. Result showed that M2 and M4 media composition with soybean husk as one of the constituents was able to increase mushroom’s stem diameter, number of mushroom caps, and the fresh weight of the mushroom. More than ounces of rice bran and soybean husk was more optimal for supporting oyster mushroom growth than < ounces dosage.

Utilization of Biomass in The Form Biochar and Compost on Soil Properties

Benny Hidayat, Nur Ulina W Sebayang, Jamilah, Atria Utami — Tue, 27 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil biomassa terbesar. Secara umum pemanfaatan biomassa dilakukan dengan cara pengomposan, menghasilkan humus yg sangat berguna bagi tanaman, tetapi proses pengomposan akan banyak menghilangkan karbon dan lepas ke udara, dan ini merupakan masalah besar bagi dunia karena akan meningkatkan pemanasan global. Tetapi ada bentuk lain pemanfaatan biomassa yg terkini yaitu dikonversi dalam bentuk biochar yg diketahui mempertahankan karbon dalam jangka yg cukup lama bahkan hingga ratusan tahun. Meskipun kompos relatif mudah terdekomposisi, tetapi memiliki kelebihan dalam menyediakan unsur hara dalam jangka pendek, sedangkan biochar dapat digunakan sebagai bahan amandemen tanah dalam waktu panjang. Melihat potensi yang ada pada konversi biomassa dalam bentuk kompos dan biochar dalam sehingga diperlukan tulisan untuk menelaah manfaat dan kegunaan kedua bentuk hasil konversi biomassa ini, khususnya dalam memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah, sehingga kita dapat memilih mana yang terbaik dalam pemanfaatan biomassa untuk kelangsungan kehidupan manusia dan alam sekitarnya.

Nutrient Uptake and Chlorophyll of Long Bean Plants (Vigna Sinensis L.) Due to Liquid Waste Tofu and Planting Media

M. Idris, Rahmadina, Nindi Fauziah — Fri, 20 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to determine the absorption of nutrients N, P, total chlorophyll, and combination interactions due to the application of tofu liquid waste and growing media to long beans. The study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications. Factor I of tofu liquid waste treatment (T) consisted of 3 levels, namely: T₀ (0 ml), T₁(150 ml), T₂ (300 ml ), and Factor II , Growing Media (M) consisted of 3 planting media, namely M₁(compost of cow dung + rice husk charcoal), M₂ (compost of cow dung + cocopeat), and M₃(compost of cow dung + chopped fern). The observed variables included nutrient uptake of N-Total, P, and total chlorophyll content. The results showed that the treatment of tofu liquid waste had a very significant effect on N-Total and P nutrient uptake, namely 150 ml (T₁) and the administration of 300 ml (T₂) had a very significant effect on total chlorophyll content. The growing media had a very significant effect on nutrient uptake of N, P, and total chlorophyll content in the M3 treatment₍ cow manure compost + chopped fern). There was no interaction between tofu liquid waste and planting media for all observed variables

Study of the Use of Yeast Types and Soaking Time on the Quality of Cocoa Beans (Theobroma cacao L.)

Muji Paramuji, Wanbahroni Jiwar Baru, Wahyu Syahputra — Thu, 26 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The quality of cocoa beans at the farmer level is very low. The main factor that makes the quality of cocoa is low, it of which is fermentation. Improved fermentation will improve the quality of the cocoa beans produced. This study aims to examine the effect of the use of yeast types and soaking time on the quality of cocoa beans. This research has been carried out in the laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture UISU Medan using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consists of two factors, namely: Factor I type of yeast (R) consisting of 4 levels: R0 = Control; R1 = Bread Yeast; R2 = Tempeh Yeast and R3 = Tape Yeast. Factor II The immersion time (P) consists of 4 levels: P1 = 1 hour; P2 = 2 hours; P3 = 3 hours and P4 = 4 hours with 2 repetitions. Parameters observed were yield, pH, water content, fat content, and organoleptic test of taste and aroma. The data is analyzed using means of variance and if it had a significant effect, then continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of the study showed that the type of yeast had a significant effect on pH, water content, fat content, and organoleptic test values for taste and aroma. Soaking time has significantly different effects on pH, fat content, and organoleptic test values for taste and aroma. The interaction of the treatment the effect of yeast type and soaking time had no significant effect on all observed parameters. Fermentation of cocoa beans with the addition of yeast can improve the quality of cocoa beans, especially with the addition of baker's yeast and soaking time of 4 hours to produce the highest taste and aroma.

The Contribution of the Community Forest Program to the Income of the Lumban Lansang Forest Farmer Group, Siantar Utara Village, Parmaksian District, Toba Samosir Regency.

Gita Perdamen Perangin-Angin, Nurul Qomar , Yulia Andriani — Thu, 26 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Community Forest is a state forest concession that is utilized and aimed at empowering and increasing the income of local communities by improving community welfare. North Siantar Village is a Community Forestry location in Toba Samosir district with the Lumban Lansang Forest Farmer Group (FFG) as the manager of the area. The purpose of this study was to analyze the contribution of Community Forest concessions to the income of Lumban Lansang FFG. This study uses observation and interview techniques with all members of the Lumban Lansang FFG (55 persons) to collect primary data which includes how to manage Community Forest by FFG, FFG knowledge of Community Forest, problems faced by FFG while managing Community Forest, and FFG income from Community Forest management. Documentation studies are obtained by studying several books, journals, the internet, and documents from related institutions. The analysis used to calculate the contribution of Community Forest is quantitative analysis and analysis of income from data that has been obtained in the field by adding up income from agricultural, non-agricultural activities, activities in Community Forest and other income. The results showed that the concession of Community Forest could contribute income to Lumban Lansang FFG of Rp. 269.950.000/year for all members of the Lumban Lansang FFG, and contributes to the total income which is 23.91%.

Keywords: community forest, forest farmer group, income

Effect of Blotong Compost Bio Fertilizer on Early Growth of Sugar Cane (Saccarum Officinarum)

Supandji, Edy Kustiani, Muhammad Muharram, Virgian Galuh Agusty, Yoyok Zakaria — Sat, 28 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Bio-compost can help increase water holding capacity, because in addition to containing a lot of organic matter, it also makes the soil hygroscopic and the structure becomes crumbly. Giving Blotong bio-compost at a dose of 80 tons / ha is very good because it increases the development of sugarcane roots and can increase production. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of bio-compost blotong on the growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). The research was conducted in the field of Tegal which is located in the village of Blabak, Kandat sub-district, Kediri Regency. altitude of 100 masl. This research was carried out in the field using a one-factor Randomized Block Design (RAK) where the treatment factor was blotong dose: B0 = 0 tons ha-1, B1 = 5 tons ha-1, B2 = 10 tons ha-1, B3 = 15 tons ha-1, B4 = 20 tons ha-1, B5 = 25 tons ha-1. Parameters of observations made consisted of: Growth Percentage, Plant height, Number of leaves, Number of tillers, Stem diameter. The results of the research on the treatment of Blotong bio-compost fertilizer were significantly different, with the highest percentage of plant shoot growth at a dose of 20 tons ha-1, which was 89.17%. Plant height with a dose of 20 tons ha-1 is 94.75 cm. The highest number of leaves of the plant was 16.25 cm. The highest number of tillers of the sugarcane plant was 9.22 stems, the diameter of the stem of the highest sugarcane plant was 15.95 cm.

The Fruitghurt Formulations are Combination of Red Guava and Pineapple Juice by using the Encapsulation Method, as an Alternative Source of Vitamin C

Dewi Restuana Sihombing, Connie Daniela — Thu, 09 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Fruitghurt is a product of fermented fruit juice using Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophillus bacteria. This research was conducted of developing fruitghurt products that contain vitamin C with a combination of red guava and pineapple juice. The research method was carried out using a factorial completely randomized design method which consisted of two factors. Factor I: combination of red guava and pineapple juice: JN₁=120%:80%; JN₂=130%:70%, JN₃=140%:60%, JN₄=150%:50%. Factor II: drying time L₁=1 hour, L₂=2 hours, L₃=3 hours, L₄=4 hours. The results showed that the concentration of red guava and pineapple juice had a very significant effect (p<0.01) on vitamin C levels, total dissolved solids, total acids, water content, total LAB, antioxidant activity, organoleptic. The interaction between the concentration of red guava and pineapple juice and the drying time had a very significant (p<0.01) effect on total lactic acid bacteria, antioxidant activity, vitamin C and total dissolved solids. The best fruitghurt quality was obtained in the JN₄L₁ treatment combination with a vitamin C 4.92 mg/100g, total dissolved solids 8.85°Brix, total acid 1.50%, moisture content 4.98% and total lactic acid bacteria 12.95 log CFU/ml. Fruitghurt a formulation of red guava and pineapple juice is recommended as an alternative source of vitamin C.

Effect of Yellow Sweet Potato Substitution and Egg Yolk Amount in Making Wet Noodles

Tue, 14 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Most of the noodles are made from wheat flour, for countries that do not produce wheat this is a problem because the need for wheat must be imported and generates a large amount of foreign exchange. This situation resulted in research involving the use of non-wheat flour or mixing wheat flour with other flour to produce noodles. This study aims to determine the effect of the substitution of wheat flour with yellow sweet potato and the amount of egg yolk in the manufacture of wet noodles. The study used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of two factors, namely: substitution of wheat flour with yellow sweet potato with the code "U" consisting of 4 levels; U1 = 10 %; U2 = 20 %; U3 = 30 %; U4 = 40 %. Egg yolk amount, and with code "T" which consists of 4 levels; T1 = 5 %, T2 = 10 %, T3 = 15 %, and T4 = 20 %. Parameters observed were yield, protein content, moisture content, stretchability, and organoleptic test of texture, color, and taste. The research was carried out at the UISU Faculty of Agriculture laboratory, Medan. The main ingredient used in this research is yellow sweet potato. The results of statistical analysis on each parameter concluded that the substitution of wheat flour with yellow sweet potato had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the yield, protein content, water content, tensile strength value, organoleptic texture, color, and taste of noodles. Wet. The amount of yolk dose had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on protein content, moisture content, tensile strength value, organoleptic texture, color, and taste of wet noodles. The two treatment factors did not show any interaction. To produce wet noodles with the best quality, you can substitute up to 30% wheat flour with yellow sweet potato and use 20% egg yolk.

Cultivation techniques and feasibility of hydroponic lettuce farming by utilizing yards in Hidroponik Media

Khusnul Khotimah, Suci Nur Utami, M. Erwin Dwi Listyanto — Wed, 01 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Usahatani selada hidroponik dapat dikatakan efesien apabila mampu mengelola sumber daya yang dimiliki (input) untuk menghasilkan keuntungan yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan teknik budidaya selada hidroponik di Hidroponik Media, Kelurahan Pesantunan, Brebes dan menganalisis kelayakan usahatani selada hidroponik yang dilakukan di pekarangan dengan proyeksi analisis pendapatan, R/C ratio dan break even point (BEP). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode survei yang berlokasi di Hidroponik Media Kelurahan Pesantunan, Brebes pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2022. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif pendekatan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan analisa penerapan teknik budidaya selada hidroponik dengan memanfaatkan pekarangan yang dilakukan oleh Hidroponik Media meliputi tahap persiapan, persemaian, transplanting, perawatan, panen dan pascapanen. Pemasaran selada di Hidroponik Media dilakukan secara langsung ke konsumen akhir dalam bentuk satuan per ikat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat dijelaskan bahwa usahatani selada hidroponik yang dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan pekarangan di Hidroponik Media menguntungkan (layak) dengan perolehan nilai R/C ratio 1,82 (> 1) atau pendapatan sebesar Rp. 1.239.400, dan nilai BEP produksi sebanyak 237 ikat.