Pengaruh Variasi Aktivator KOH dan NaCl terhadap Kapasitas Adsorpsi Biji Kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) dalam Penjerapan Ion Fe(II)

Kelvin Hadinatan; Iriany; Taslim; Okta Bani; Yesi  Artanti; Nafis Ijlal Syach

doi:10.32734/jtk.v15i1.23194

Authors

Kelvin Hadinatan Universitas Sumatera Utara
Iriany Universitas Sumatera Utara
Taslim Universitas Sumatera Utara
Okta Bani Universitas Sumatera Utara
Yesi Artanti Universitas Sumatera Utara
Nafis Ijlal Syach Universitas Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v15i1.23194

Keywords:

adsorption, activator, kapuk seeds, iron (Fe), kinetics

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination such as iron (Fe) in wastewater is a significant environmental issue due to its negative impact on ecosystems and human health. This study aims to synthesize adsorbents from kapok seeds (Ceiba pentandra) by examining the effect of activator type (KOH and NaCl) and particle size (100 and 120 mesh) on the adsorption capacity of Fe(II) ions. The research methodology includes carbonation and chemical activation processes, followed by adsorption kinetics testing. The results showed that the use of NaCl activator with a particle size of 120 mesh provided the best performance with an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 89.75% and an iodine number of 127 mg/g. Kinetic analysis showed that the Fe(II) ion adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model with an R² value of 0.999, indicating that the main adsorption mechanism was chemisorption through a two-step interaction involving diffusion and intermolecular interactions in the adsorbent area.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] C. M. Futalan, A. E. S. Choi, H. G. O. Soriano, M. K. B. Cabacungan, and J. C. Millare, “Modification strategies of kapok fiber composites and its application in the adsorption of heavy metal ions and dyes from aqueous solutions: a systematic review,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1–26, 2022.

[2] Y. G. Chen et al., “Impacts of heavy metals and medicinal crops on ecological systems, environmental pollution, cultivation, and production processes in China,” Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., vol. 219, pp. 1–17, 2021.

[3] L. Legiso, H. Juniar, and U. M. Sari, “Perbandingan efektivitas karbon aktif sekam padi dan kulit pisang kepok sebagai adsorben pada pengolahan air sungai enim,” Semin. Nas. Sains dan Teknol. 2019, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2019.

[4] M. U. Herrera, C. M. Futalan, R. Gapusan, and M. D. L. Balela, “Removal of methyl orange dye and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution using polyaniline-coated kapok (Ceiba pentandra) fibers,” Water Sci. Technol., vol. 78, no. 5, pp. 1137–1147, 2018.

[5] N. M. Thazin, N. Chaiammart, M. M. Thu, and G. Panomsuwan, “Effect of pre-carbonization temperature on the porous structure and electrochemical properties of activated carbon fibers derived from kapok for supercapacitor applications,” J. Met. Mater. Miner., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 2022.

[6] M. Napitupulu, D.Walanda, K. Nakazawa, D. Poba, V.N.A. Tiwow, Y. Nurmayanti, dan S. Rahma “Biochar from kapuk randu (Ceiba pentandra) seeds for adsorption of remazol blue dye in wastewater,” J. IPA Pembelajaran IPA, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 801–814, 2025.

[7] H. Rahim, W. Ardhafa, and R. Rachma, “Analisis kualitas arang aktif dari biji kapuk sebagai adsorben logam tembaga (Cu) dalam limbah cair industri,” J. Teknol. Kim. Miner., Vol. 1, No. 1, Pp. 14–17, 2022.

[8] N. Ahmad Faisal Nik Mohd Azlin Shah et al., “A comparison study of carbonized kapok fibres treated by sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid solution as an absorbent in removing oil waste,” IOP Conference Series: Material Science and Engineering, 2019 vol. 551, no. 1, pp. 1–8.

[9] R. Zein, D. Nofita, Refilda, and H. Aziz, “Chimica et Natura Acta,” Chim. Nat. Acta, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 127–135, 2023.

[10] A. Hasibuan, “Studi pengaruh variasi konsentrasi asam posfat (H3PO4) dan waktu perendaman karbon terhadap karakteristik karbon aktif dari kulit durian,” J. Tek. Kim. USU, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 80–86, 2020.

[11] M. Puspitasari, W. W. Nandari, and F. Hadi, “Perbandingan Penggunaan aktivator NaOH dan KOH pada pembuatan karbon aktif dari kulit singkong (Manihot utilissima)” J. Tek. Kim. Fak. Tek. Ind. UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 58–62, 2022.

[12] R. Radika and A. Astuti, “Pengaruh variasi konsentrasi NaCl sebagai aktivator karbon aktif kulit singkong untuk menurunkan konsentrasi logam berat air sungai batang ombilin,” J. Fis. Unand, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 163–168, 2020.

[13] E. Wolok, I. H. Lahay, B. R. Machmoed, and F. Pakaya, “Modification and characterization of Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (kapok) fiber: physical properties,” Int. J. Res, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 381–390, 2019.

[14] Sirajuddin and Harjanto, “Pengaruh ukuran adsorben dan waktu adsorpsi terhadap penurunan kadar COD pada limbah cair tahu menggunakan arang aktif tempurung kelapa,” Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian (SNP2M), 2018, pp. 42–46.

[15] A. dan I. N. Rozanna Dewi, “Aktivitas karbon dari kulit pinang dengan menggunakan aktivator KOH,” J. Tekonolgi Kim. Unimal, vol. 2, no. Nopember, pp. 12–22, 2020.

[16] E. Kusdarini, A. Budianto, M. N. Kusuma, and E. Atiyatussa’adah, “Adsorption capacity of magnetic activated carbon derived from snake fruit (Salacca zalacca) seeds to Cd(II): characteristics and isotherm model,” Reaktor, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 12–18, 2025.

[17] D. Kada, D. Domga, C. Asobo, N. Taybe, and J. Kowe, “Adsorption of iron (II) from aqueous solution by activated carbon from desert date seed shells (Balanites Aegyptiaca),” World J. Appl. Chem., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 44–55, 2024.