Stabilitas Digester Anaerobik Satu Tahap dalam Produksi Biogas pada Variasi Temperatur Menggunakan Reaktor Batch

Bambang  Trisakti; Irvan; Desi Berliana Sitompul

doi:10.32734/jtk.v10i1.3271

Authors

Bambang Trisakti Universitas Sumatera Utara
Irvan Universitas Sumatera Utara
Desi Berliana Sitompul Universitas Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v10i1.3271

Keywords:

biogas, palm oil mill effluent, POME, anaerobic digestion, batch reactor

Abstract

Anaerobic digestion is the decomposition of organic matter by microbes into methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide in the absence of oxygen. This study aimed to obtain the stability of the one stage anaerobic digester in biogas production that was seen through pH and alkalinity parameters. The process was carried out by varying the temperature, which is 35 °C, 45 °C, and 55 °C with pH maintained 7 (± 0.2). Analysis of pH and alkalinity was carried out to assess the stability of reactor using samples taken from the reactor overflow. The pH profile produced was relatively stable with a pH range between 6.8 - 7.3. The resulting alkalinity is relatively stable with aalkalinity range between 3.500 – 4.500 mg/L. The volume of biogas produced at 35 °C, 45 °C, and 55 °C respectively are 2065 mL, 3830 mL, and 4570 mL with the highest concentrations of methane (CH₄), Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and trace Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S) at a temperature of 55 ^oC obtained the value of the composition of methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide each at 89,000 %, 11,000 %, and 0,011 %.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

K. A. Koryś, A. E. Latawiec, K. Grotkiewicz, and M. Kuboń, “The review of biomass potential for agricultural biogas production in Poland,” Sustainability, vol. 11, pp. 1–13, 2019.

J. Kostecka, J. Koc-jurczyk, and K. Brudzisz, “Waste management in Poland and European Union,” Arch. Waste Manag. Environ. Prot., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2014.

J. R. Jambeck et al., “Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean,” Science, vol. 347, no. 6223, pp. 768–771, 2015.

A. Rodrigues and A. Latawiec, “Rethinking organic residues: The great potential of biomass in Brazil,” Mod. Concepts Dev. Agron., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 73–77, 2018.

R. Lora Grando, A. M. de Souza Antune, F. V. da Fonseca, A. Sánchez, R. Barrena, and X. Font, “Technology overview of biogas production in anaerobic digestion plants: A European evaluation of research and development,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 80, pp. 44–53, 2017.

S. K. Pramanik, F. B. Suja, M. Porhemmat, and B. K. Pramanik, “Performance and kinetic model of a single-stage anaerobic digestion system operated at different successive operating stages for the treatment of food waste,” Processes, vol. 7, no. 600, pp. 1–16, 2019.

A. Rabii, S. Aldin, Y. Dahman, and E. Elbeshbishy, “A review on anaerobic co-digestion with a focus on the microbial populations and the effect of multi-stage digester configuration,” Energies, vol. 12, pp. 1–25, 2019.

R. Kothari, A. K. Pandey, S. Kumar, V. V. Tyagi, and S. K. Tyagi, “Different aspects of dry anaerobic digestion for bio-energy: An overview,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 39, pp. 174–195, 2014.

P. Vandevivere, L. De Baere, and W. Verstraete, “Types of anaerobic digester for solid wastes,” in Biomethanization of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes, Barcelona: Iwa Publishing, 2002, pp. 111–140.

S. Krishnan, L. Singh, M. Sakinah, S. Thakur, Z. A. Wahid, and M. Alkasrawi, “Process enhancement of hydrogen and methane production from palm oil mill effluent using two-stage thermophilic and mesophilic fermentation,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, pp. 1–11, 2016.

R. Ganesh, M. Torrijos, P. Sousbie, A. Lugardon, J. P. Steyer, and J. P. Delgenes, “Single-phase and two-phase anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable waste: Comparison of start-up, reactor stability and process performance,” Waste Manag., vol. 34, pp. 875–885, 2014.

E. İnce, M. İnce, and G. Önkal Engin, “Comparison of thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic treatments for potato processing wastewater using a contact reactor,” Glob. Nest J., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 318–326, 2017.

A. E. Ghaly, D. R. Ramkumar, S. S. Sadaka, and J. D. Rochon, “Effect of reseeding and pH control on the performance of a two-stage mesophilic anaerobic digester operating on acid cheese whey,” Can. Agric. Eng., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 173–183, 2000.

L. Naik, Z. Gebreegziabher, V. Tumwesige, B. B. Balana, J. Mwirigi, and G. Austin, “Factors determining the stability and productivity of small scale anaerobic digesters,” Biomass and Bioenergy, pp. 1–7, 2014.

A. H. Ibrahim, I. Dahlan, M. N. Adlan, and A. F. Dasti, “Comparative study on characterization of Malaysian palm oil mill effluent,” Res. J. Chem. Sci., vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 1–5, 2012.

A. Ahmad, R. Ghufran, and Z. A. Wahid, “Bioenergy from anaerobic degradation of lipids in palm oil mill effluent,” Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., vol. 10, pp. 353–376, 2011.

M. Noraini, S. N. A. Sanusi, O. S. J. Elham, M. Z. Sukor, and K. H. K. Hamid, “Factors affecting production of biogas from organic solid waste via anaerobic digestion process : a review,” Solid State Sci. Technol., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 29–39, 2017.

A. E. Cioabla, I. Ionel, G. A. Dumitrel, and F. Popescu, “Comparative study on factors affecting anaerobic digestion of agricultural vegetal residues,” Biotechnol. Biofuels, vol. 5, no. 39, pp. 1–9, 2012.

S. Shrestha and B. Shrestha, “Small Scale Biogas reactor,” Dissertation, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Findlandia, 2019.

P. Dobre, F. Nicolae, and F. Matei, “Main factors affecting biogas production - an overview,” Rom. Biotechnol. Lett., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 9283–9296, 2014.

I. A. Zakarya, S. N. B. Khalib, K. N. F. Mat, and T. N. T. Izhar, “Effect of pH, alkalinity and C: N ratio during anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent in two-phase reactor with food waste as a feedstock,” J. Multidiscip. Eng. Sci. Technol., vol. 3, pp. 6127–6131, 2016.

A. Gil, J. A. Siles, A. Serrano, A. F. Chica, and M. A. Martín, “Effect of variation in the C/[N+P] ratio on anaerobic digestion,” Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy, pp. 1–9, 2018.

A. Yilmaz, S. Ünvar, A. Koçer, and B. Aygün, “Factors affecting the production of biogas,” Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 59–62, 2018.

Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup, Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup RI No. 5 Tahun 2014 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah, 2014.

S. Chen, J. Zhang, and X. Wang, “Effects of alkalinity sources on the stability of anaerobic digestion from food waste,” Waste Manag. Res., vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 1–8, 2015.

C. W. Wambugu, E. R. Rene, J. van de Vossenberg, C. Dupont, and E. D. van Hullebusch, “Role of biochar in anaerobic digestion based biorefinery for food waste,” Front. Energy Res., vol. 7, pp. 1–13, 2019.

G. Tchobanoglous, F. L. Burton, and H. D. Stensel, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, 4th editio., no. 7. Hongkong: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2004.