Politeness Strategies Used by Anies Baswedan in the Interview on Humanities in Southeast Asia

. This study applied a qualitative descriptive approach that establishes the requirement that a study must be carried out on the basis of existing facts. This study aims to examine the politeness strategies used by Anies Baswedan in the interview on humanities in Southeast Asia. The source of data of this study was obtained from youtube. This research data is in the form of phrase and clause which contained politeness strategies. The collected data is assessed using Brown and Levinson's Politeness Strategies theory to find out the types of politeness strategy and its sub-strategies. This study applies a pragmatic study. After analyzing the data, the researchers concluded that there are three types of politeness strategies found in the Interview on Humanities in Southeast Asia. These three types of politeness strategies are: Bald on record, positive politeness, and negative politeness Keyword


Introduction
According to Yule (1996:4), Pragmatics is the study of the relationships between linguistic forms and the users of those forms. It means that this subject is related to human beings and the context situation. Learning pragmatics right ease people in communication, because people can know the intended meaning of somebody else's utterances including the context (Yule (1996:4).
In pragmatic, one of the central concepts is politeness. Therefore, politeness becomes one of the units to be studied in pragmatics. Based on Yule (1996:60), politeness is a concept of polite social behavior in a particular culture. It can be shown by showing good manners toward others.
Politeness is also related to the concept of face. Based on Brown and Levinson (1987:61), the face is a kind of public self-image that belongs to everyone.
As stated by Brown and Levinson (1987:66), a politeness theory is based on the concept that people have a social self-image. This sense of self-image is also known as "face." The theory of "face" itself was developed in 1987 by Brown and Levinson. Brown and Levinson state that there are four politeness strategies that a speaker uses when dealing with Face-threathening Act (FTA) to the hearer. They are, bald-on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and offrecord.
This research only focused on the positive politeness strategies.
In this study, the writer is interested in researching politeness strategy because we as social beings, communication is important in our life. To make a good relationship with others, we need to build harmonious communication, which means that we do not only need to speak in good terms of linguistic but our speaking also need to concern about the listener or the readers' feeling. We can show that by giving our appreciation, respect, or self-interest o others. The writer also choose the interview of Anies Baswedan on Humanities in Southeast Asia as the source of the data because Anies Baswedan is a public figure that can be a role model for the society that means many people will watch or listen to his interview, his positive politeness will be noticed by the society and they will make it as a model or reference in their speaking.

Research Method
This research conducted by using qualitative descriptive design with case study in order to The data only focused on politeness strategies that used by the interviewee and the interviewer.

Result and Discussion
There were three types of politeness strategies that found in the interview on Humanities in Southeast Asia. They were bald on record, positive politeness, and negative politeness. Beside that, there are thirteen of sub-strategies that found in the interview. They are: Requesting, showing disagreement, asserting reciprocity, asserting or presupposing, using in-group identity marker, seeking agreement, presupposing, giving reason, avoiding disagreement, giving gift H, intensifying interest, and being conventionally indirect. Asia. The most dominant politeness strategies that found in the interview is bald on record and positive politeness. Around 46.7 % of the data consist of bald on record, and also 46.7% consist of positive politeness which various of sub-strategies. The last strategies that found in the interview is negative politeness, around 6.6% of the data consist being conventionally indirect. showing disagreement, asserting reciprocity, using in-group identity marker, giving reason, giving gift, and intensifying interest. All of the sub-strategies were from three politeness strategies namely, bald on record, positive impoliteness and negative politeness. Fourteen data found in bald on record categorized as requesting, giving suggestion and showing disagreement. The other fourteen were from positive politeness which categorized as asserting reciprocity, asserting or presupposing, using in-group identity marker, seeking agreement, presupposing, giving reason, avoiding disagreement, giving gift, intensifying interest, and the last two were from negative politeness which categorized as being conventionally indirect.

Discussion
There were three types of politeness strategies that found in the interview on Humanities in Southeast Asia. They were bald on record, positive politeness, and negative politeness.

a. Bald on Record
"I wanted to take this opportunity to ask you some questions about Indonesia." The first data is Where the speaker asks permission to ask the listener.

b. Positive Politeness
The first sub-strategies of positive politeness that found in the interview is asserting reciprocity.
The data showed in the minute (00:34-00:42) "I'm just thrilled that finally instead of me being your guest in Indonesia, you are my guest here at Stanford." From the sentence above we could see that the speaker already invited to Indonesia before they had that interview.
The third sub-strategies of positive politeness that found in the interview is using in-group identity marker. The data showed in the minute (02:18-02:26) "it was the lingua franca of the archipelago adopted as as the national language and I think it helps to create the feeling that this is one nations." The word lingua franca means a language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different.
The next sub-strategies of positive politeness that found in the interview is seeking agreement.
The data showed in the minute (03:05-03:22)" let me interrupt you sure let me go back to the first point you made if I understood you correctly you were suggesting that if a majority language had been made the national language the minorities who didn't speak it would have revolted and maybe even destroyed Indonesia is that the point you're trying to make ?" then the next data showed in the minute (05:13-05:28)"I want to go back to your comment about civil society I think it's generally understood that a civil society may be a necessary ingredient for a democracy but at the same time a civil society can believe in a variety of things they don't necessarily all have the same value." in these sentences above the speaker was trying to ask permission from the hearer to ask some point just to make sure he didn't misunderstanding, about what the hearer said before.

c. Negative Politeness
There are two data which categorized as being conventionally indirect, the data was found in the

Conclusion
After analyzing the data, the researchers concluded that there are three types of politeness strategies found in the Interview on Humanities in Southeast Asia. These three types of politeness strategies are: Bald on record, positive politeness, and negative politeness.
The researcher found there are 30 data, in 23:28 minutes interview on humanities in Southeast Asia. The most dominant politeness strategies that found in the interview is bald on record and positive politeness. Around 46.7 % of the data consist of bald on record, and also 46.7% consist of positive politeness which various of sub-strategies. The last strategies that found in the interview is negative politeness, around 6.6% of the data consist being conventionally indirect.
Beside that there are thirteen sub-strategies that showed in the data. We could see giving suggestion from bald on record is the most dominant, around 30% of the data, around 13.3 % of the data is requesting. 6.7 % of the data are seeking agreement, presupposing, avoiding disagreement, and being conventionally indirect. 3.3% of the data are showing disagreement, asserting reciprocity, using in-group identity marker, giving reason, giving gift, and intensifying interest. All of the sub-strategies were from three politeness strategies namely, bald on record, positive impoliteness and negative politeness. Fourteen data found in bald on record which categorized as requesting, giving suggestion and showing disagreement. The other fourteen were from positive politeness which categorized as asserting reciprocity, asserting or presupposing, using in-group identity marker, seeking agreement, presupposing, giving reason, avoiding disagreement, giving gift, intensifying interest, and the last two were from negative politeness which categorized as being conventionally indirect.