Retort Kiln Carbonization of Wet and Dry Young Coconut Wastes: Effects on Biochar Quality and Processing Efficiency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/dinamis.v13i1.19748Keywords:
Retort Kiln, Limbah Kelapa Muda, Karbonisasi, Nilai Kalor, Proximate AnalysisAbstract
Peningkatan konsumsi kelapa di Indonesia telah menyebabkan akumulasi limbah tempurung kelapa muda yang masih belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, padahal memiliki potensi sebagai sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan strategi karbonisasi yang efektif menggunakan retort kiln untuk menghasilkan bioarang berkualitas tinggi. Metode eksperimen dilakukan dengan dua perlakuan kadar kelembapan bahan baku (basah dan kering), dikarbonisasi pada suhu 400°C menggunakan reaktor retort kiln skala pilot, dengan pengeringan awal pada bahan basah selama 3 jam kemudian dilanjutkan pemanasan selama 5 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kandungan karbon tetap dari 56,25% menjadi 62,32% dan nilai kalor dari 5537 cal/g menjadi 6376 cal/g ketika bahan baku basah dikeringkan di reaktor sebelum proses karbonisasi, sementara konsumsi bahan bakar tercatat sebesar 1,636 L/kg untuk bahan baku basah dan 1,076 L/kg untuk bahan baku kering. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa pengeringan awal pada proses karbonisasi limbah kelapa muda basah secara signifikan mempercepat produksi bioarang dan meningkatkan kualitas produk, sehingga mendukung pemanfaatan limbah biomassa pertanian melalui teknologi retort kiln secara lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan.
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