Respons Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kedelai (glycine max (L.)Merril) Terhadap Pemberian Biochar dan Pupuk Organik Cair

Growth and Production of Soybean Response on application of Biochar and Organic Liquid Fertilizer

Abstract

Kedelai merupakan bahan protein nabati dan komoditas penting Indonesia. Produksi kedelai nasional mengalami penurunan setiap tahunnya. Rendahnya produksi kedelai Indonesia salah satunya dikarenakan belum maksimalnya pengetahuan petani dalam penggunaan teknologi produksi yang mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. Peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat untuk hidup sehat dan kembali ke alam meningkatkan pemberdayaan sistem pertanian organik. Tujuan penelitian yakni untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai terhadap pemberian biochar dan pupuk organik cair. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Namo Gajah, Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan pada Juni - Agustus 2015, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu Biochar (0, 4, 8, 12 t/ha) dan Pupuk Organik Cair (20, 40, 60 ml/l). Peubah yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, total luas daun, bobot kering biji per tanaman, dan bobot kering biji per plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian biochar meningkatkan total luas daun 3,4 dan 6 MST dan bobot kering biji per plot. Pemberian pupuk organik cair meningkatkan jumlah diameter batang dan total luas daun 4 dan 6 MST.

Soybean is a protein material and essential commodity in Indonesia. National soybean production has decreased each year. The low production of soybean Indonesia one of them because there is not maximal knowledge of farmers in the use of technologies that support sustainable agricultural. Increased public awareness of healthy living and back to nature increase the empowerment of organic farming systems. The objective of the research is to determine the response of growth and production of soybean on application of biochar and liquid organic fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in Namo Gajah Village District of Medan Tuntungan on June to August 2015, using a factorial randomized block design with two factors, the first factor is biochar (0, 4, 8, 12 t/ha)and the second factor is liquid organic fertilizer (20, 40, 60 ml / l). Observed were plant height, stem diameter, total leaf area, seeds per plant dry weight, dry weight of seeds per plots.The results showed that application of biochar increased the number of total leaf area 3,4 and 6 week after planting (WAP) and dry weight of seeds per plots. Liquid organic fertilizer increasing the number of effective stem diameter and total leaf area 4 and 6 week after planting (WAP).