Inventarisasi dan Identifikasi Jenis Tanaman Talas-Talasan dari Genus Colocasia dan Xanthosoma di Kabupaten Deli Serdang dan Serdang Bedagai

Inventory and identification of species taro’s from genus Colocasia and Xanthosoma in Deli Serdang and Serdang Bedagai regency

Abstract

Indonesia has a variety of local foods that have the potential as alternative food sources and need to be developed to support food security. Local food such as corn, beans and tubers are used as staple and alternative foods in several regions. The purpose of the research is to inventory and identify of species taro’s from genus Colocasia and Xanthosoma in Deli Serdang and Serdang Bedagai regency. The research was conducted in Deli Serdang and Serdang Bedagai regency from May 2017 to August 2017. The research was dessigned by descriptive methode and the samples were collected based on accidental sampling technique. Morfological characteristic of taro were based on UPOV (International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties of Plant). The result showed that there were 11 genotip of taro. In the district Biru-biru, STM Hilir, and Dolok Masihul that included the highlands there were 5 genotip of taro are genotip 3, genotip 4, genotip 5, genotip 6, and genotip 7. In the district Patumbak that included the lowland there were 2 genotip of taro are genotip 1 and genotip 2. In the district Pantai Cermin and Perbaungan that included the beach there were 4 genotip of taro are genotip 8, genotip 9, genotip 10 and genotip 11. Some species of taro grow wild and have not been cultivated by peoples.

Indonesia memiliki beragam pangan lokal yang berpotensi sebagai sumber pangan alternatif dan perlu dikembangkan untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan. Pangan lokal tersebut antara lain seperti jagung, kacang– kacangan, dan umbi-umbian yang dijadikan sebagai bahan pangan pokok dan alternatif dibeberapa daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi dan mengidentifikasi jenis tanaman talas-talasan dari genus Colocasia dan Xanthosoma di Kabupaten Deli Serdang dan Serdang Bedagai. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Deli Serdang dan Serdang Bedagai mulai bulan Mei 2017 sampai Agustus 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode accidental sampling. Karakter morfologi talas berdasarkan panduan UPOV (International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties of Plant). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 11 genotip talas. Di Kecamatan Biru-biru, STM Hilir, dan Dolok Masihol yang termasuk dataran tinggi terdapat 5 genotip yaitu genotip 3, genotip 4, genotip 5, genotip 6 dan genotip 7. Di kecamatan Patumbak yang termasuk dataran sedang terdapat 2 genotip yaitu genotip 1 dan genotip 2. Di kecamatan Pantai Cermin dan Perbaungan terdapat 4 genotip yaitu genotip 8, genotip 9, genotip 10, dan genotip 11. Jenis-jenis dari tanaman talas ini tumbuh liar dan belum di budidayakan oleh masyarakat.