Perbaikan Beberapa Sifat Fisika Tanah Sawah Ditanami Semangka Melalui Pemberian Bahan Organik
Alteration of paddy soil physical properties planting with watermelon through the application of organic materials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/joa.v5i1.2333Keywords:
bahan organik, sifat fisika, semangka, tanah sawahAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan beberapa sifat fisik tanah akibat pemberian bahan organik jerami padi, pupuk kandang kambing dan pupuk petroganik pada tanah sawah yang ditanami semangka di Desa Air Hitam, Kecamatan Lima Puluh Kabupaten Batubara Provinsi Sumatera Utara pada ketinggian tempat + 18 meter diatas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juni 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Non Faktorial dengan 4 macam bahan organik, dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan pertama adalah perlakuan kontrol, perlakuan kedua adalah pemberian jerami padi (5 ton/ha), perlakuan ketiga adalah pupuk kandang kambing (2,5 ton/ha), dan perlakuan keempat adalah pupuk petroganik dan mulsa jerami (0,5 ton/ha).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian jerami padi pada pertanaman semangka di lahan sawah tidak dapat memperbaiki total C-organik tanah, bulk density, kadar air tanah. C-organik pada perlakuan jerami padi hanya meningkat 0,5 % daripada C-organik tanah pada perlakuan kontrol. Pupuk kandang kambing yang diaplikasikan sebanyak 2,5 ton/ha mampu meningkatkan C-organik tanah, menurunkan bulk density tanah serta meningkatkan total ruang pori nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Demikian juga kadar air tanah pada perlakuan pupuk kandang kambing mampu meningkatkan kadar air tanah namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Jenis bahan organik yang terbaik adalah pada perlakuan pupuk kandang kambing dalam meningkatkan C-organik, kadar air, dan total ruang pori tanah.
This study aim was to determine the changes in the physical properties of the soil
due to the application of rice straw, sheep manure and fertilizer petroganik on paddy
soil planting watermelons in Air Hitam village, District Fifty Coal Country North
Sumatra Province on altitude + 18 m above sea level, this study was conducted in
April-June 2014. The experimental design used was non factorial randomized
block design with four type of organic materials (without application organic
material (control), rice straw (5ton/ha), sheep manure (2,5 ton/ha), petroganik
organic fertilizer and straw mulch (0,5 ton/ha)), with three replications.
The results showed thatapplication of rice straw on paddy soil planting did not
improve the total soil C-organic, bulk density, soil water content. The soil Corganic
on rice straw treatment increased only 0,5% compare to the soil C-organic
on the control treatment. Sheep manure was applied as much as 2,5 tons/ha
improved the soil C-organic, decreased soil bulk density and increased total pore
space significantly higher compared similarly, the water content on soil in the
treatment of sheep manure was higher than others treatment, however not
statistically significantly different withwater content of control treatments. The best
type of organic matter was sheep manure which increased the soil C-organic,
watercontent, and total porosity.
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