Kajian pH, C-Organik Serta Tekstur Tanah Ultisol pada Beberapa Vegetasi di Desa Durian Baggal, Kecamatan Raya Kahean (Studi Kasus : Lahan Semi Kritis di Wilayah Sub DAS Sibarau)

Study of Soil Acidity, Organic Carbon and Texture of Ultisol in Several Vegetation at Durian Baggal, District of Raya Kahean (Case Study: Se mi Critical Land in Region of Sibarau Water-Shed)

Abstract

Sibarau Sub-Watershed is one of the Sub-Watershed of Padang Watershed. The land area with semi-critical criteria in the Sibarau Watershed is 1471.83 hectares or 20% of the total entire Sibarau Watershed critical land area. This research was conducted to analyze and determine characteristics of soil physical and soil chemical in semi-critical land area at subwatershed Sibarau Durian Baggal village, Raya Kahean. the research area is palm, rubber, mix plant, duku and forestry. The research was conducted at Soil Chemistry and Biology Laboratory and Research and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara from July until September 2017.The research was conducted by using survey method. Sampling surveys for soil pH with methods electrometry, soil organic matter with Walkley and Black method, and soil texture with Hydrometer Bouyoucos method. The results showed that on palm land soil acidity was acidic, C-organic very low and the texture was sandy loam. On rubber land soil acidity was acidic, C-organic low and very low, the texture is sandy loam. On mix plant land soil acidity is acidic, C-organic was low until very low and soil texture was sandy loam. On duku land soil acidity was acidic, C-Organic was low and soil texture was sandy loam. On forestry land soil acidity was medium acidic, C-organic was medium and soil texture was loamy sand.

Sub DAS Sibarau adalah salah satu Sub DAS Padang. Luas lahan dengan kriteria semi-kritis di DAS Sibarau adalah 1471,83 hektar atau 20% dari total seluruh area lahan DAS Sibarau. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis dan menentukan karakteristik fisik tanah dan kimia tanah pada lahan semi kritis di DAS Sibarau Durian Baggal, Raya Kahean. daerah penelitian adalah kelapa sawit, karet, tanaman campuran, duku dan kehutanan. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia dan Biologi Tanah dan Laboratorium Penelitian dan Teknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara dari bulan Juli hingga September 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei. Survei pengambilan sampel untuk pH tanah dengan metode elektrometri, bahan organik tanah dengan metode Walkley and Black, dan tekstur tanah dengan metode Hydrometer Bouyoucos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keasaman tanah kelapa sawit bersifat asam, C-organik sangat rendah dan teksturnya lempung berpasir. Pada tanah karet, keasaman tanah bersifat asam, Corganik rendah dan sangat rendah, tekstur lempung berpasir. Pada tanaman campuran tanah keasaman bersifat asam, C-organik rendah sampai sangat rendah dan tekstur tanah lempung berpasir. Pada tanah duku, keasaman tanah bersifat asam, C-Organik rendah dan tekstur tanah lempung berpasir. Pada lahan kehutanan keasaman tanah bersifat asam sedang, C-organik adalah sedang dan tekstur tanah adalah pasir liat.