Dampak Pemberian Kombinasi Bahan Organik dan Pupuk SP – 36 Terhadap Ketersediaan P dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pada Tanah Ultisol

The Effect of Combining Organic Material and SP – 36 Fertilizer on Phosphorus Availability and Growth of Maize on Ultisol

Abstract

This research aimed to know the effect of combining organic material and SP – 36 fertilizer on phosphorus availability and growth of maize on Ultisol. The research was conducted in the screen house and chemical and soil fertility laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara on January – April 2017. This rearch used randomized block designed which consist of 2 factor and 3 replication. The first factor combining organic material which consist of 6 combining : B0 (control), B1 (100% Tithonia diversifolia compost), B2 (75% Tithonia diversifolia compost + 25% chicken manure), B3 (50% Tithonia diversifolia compost + 50% chicken manure), B4 (25% Tithonia diversifolia compost + 75% chicken manure), (100% chicken manure). The second factor of SP – 36 fertility which consist of 4 level : P0 (control), P1 (50 kg/ha P2O5), P2 (100 kg/ha P2O5), P3 (150 kg/ha P2O5). The result showed that the combining of organic material significantly increased soil pH, soil C – Organic, soil P-available, plant height, dry weight of hoot and dry weight of root plant. The application of SP – 36 fertilizer significantly increased soil pH, soil P –available, dry weight leaf and dry root plant. The interaction of combining organic material and SP – 36 fertilizer significantly increased soil Pavailable, dry weight of hoot and dry root plant. The best interaction 50% Tithonia diversifolia compost + 50% chicken manure and 150 kg P2O5/ha significantly increased soil P-available, dry weight of hoot and dry root plant.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pemberian kombinasi bahan organik dan pupuk SP – 36 terhadap ketersediaan P dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) pada tanah Ultisol. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kasa serta di Laboratorium Kimia dan Kesuburan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara pada Januari – April 2017. Penelitian ini disusun dalam Rancangan Acak kelompok Faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama kombinasi bahan organik yang terdiri dari 6 kombinasi yaitu : B0 (kontrol), B1 (100% kompos Tithonia diversifolia), B2 (75% kompos Tithonia diversifolia + 25 pukan ayam), B3 (50% kompos Tithonia diversifolia + 50% pukan ayam), B4 (25% kompos Tithonia diversifolia + 75% pukan ayam), B5 (100% pukan ayam).dan faktor kedua yaitu pupuk SP – 36 dengan 4 taraf perlakuan yaitu : P0 (kontrol), P1 (50 kg/ha P2O5), P2 (100 kg/ha P2O5), P3 (150 kg/ha P2O5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian kombinasi bahan organik berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan pH tanah, C – Organik tanah, P tersedia tanah, tinggi tanaman, bobot kering tajuk dan akar tanaman. Pemberian pupuk SP – 36 berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan pH tanah, P tersedia tanah, bobot kering tajuk dan akar tanaman. Interaksi pemberian kombinasi bahan organik dan pupuk SP – 36 berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan P tersedia tanah, bobot kering tajuk dan akar tanaman. Interaksi terbaik 50 % kompos Tithonia diversifolia + 50% pupuk kandang ayam dan 150 kg P2O5/ha signifikan meningkatkan P – tersedia tanah, berat kering tajuk dan berat kering akar tanaman