Potensi Fusarium Non Patogenik untuk Mengendalikan Fusarium oxysforum f. sp. cubense pada Tanaman Pisang Barangan
Potency of Non Pathogenic Fusarium to Control Fusarium oxysforum f. sp.cubense in Barangan Cultivar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/joa.v7i2.2428Keywords:
Barangan Cultivar, Fusarium oxysforum f. sp. cubense, non pathogenic fusarium, fusarium wilt disease, Pisang Barangan, fusarium non patogenik, penyakit layu fusariumAbstract
Fusarium oxysforum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the important pathogens causing fusarium wilt on banana plants. This pathogen reduces the productivity of banana plants and cause more than 35 % of dead banana plant. The disease management has been done from chemical control to biological control. The use of Non Phatogenic Fusarium (FoNP) in some plants is quite effective in suppressing fusarium wilt disease. The aim of this research was to know the potency of FoNP isolates E3 and E5 (BALITTRO, Bogor) which were applied on barangan cultivar ‘barangan’ to control fusarium wilt disease. The method of this research was Randomized Complete Design Factorial withtwo isolates of-FoNP; i.e. E5 and E3. Application was conducted by immersing the banana seeds with the fungal incolum. Conidia suspension (106 conidia/ ml) and FoNP methabolites were used, with or without pathogen with the following treatments: P1 : conidia suspension E5 with Foc; P2 : conidia suspension E3 with Foc; P3 : conidia suspension E5 without Foc; P4 : conidia suspension E3 without Foc; P5 : metabolite E5 with Foc; P6 : metabolite E3 with Foc; P7 : metabolite E5 without Foc; P8: metabolite E3 with Foc; P9 : Foc; P10 : without Foc. The results showed that there weas no symptoms caused by Foc on leaves or banana herbs in the field. In the in vitro experiments, Non Pathogenic Fusarium isolates E5 and E3 could inhibit the growth of Foc with the inhibiting zone was 29. 16 % and 19. 22 % respectively.
Fusarium oxysforum f. sp. cubense (Foc) merupakan salah satu jamur patogen penting penyebab penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman pisang. Patogen ini mampu menurunkan produktivitas tanaman pisang dan menyebabkan lebih dari 35% tanaman pisang mati. Pengendalian telah dilakukan mulai dari pengendalian kimia hingga hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi FoNP isolat E3 dan E5 (asal BALITTRO, Bogor) yang diaplikasikan pada tanaman pisang barangan dalam mengendalikan penyakit layu fusarium. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan menggunakan 2 isolat FoNP yaitu E5 dan E3. Aplikasi dilakukan dengan cara perendaman. Masing – masing isolat digunakan suspensi konidia (106 konidia/ ml) dan metabolit FoNP , ada atau tanpa patogen dengan perlakuan sebagai berikut : P1 : suspensi konidia E5 + Foc; P2 : suspensi konidia E3 + Foc; P3 : suspensi konidia E5 tanpa Foc; P4 : suspensi konidia E3 tanpa Foc; P5 : metabolit E5 + Foc; P6 : metabolit E3 + Foc; P7 : metabolit E5 tanpa Foc; P8 : metabolit E3 tanpa Foc; P9 : Foc; P10: tanpa Foc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya gejala yang ditimbulkan oleh Foc pada daun maupun bonggol tanaman pisang barangan dilapangan. Pada percobaan in vitro diketahui fusarium non patogenik isolat E5 dan E3 dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Foc dengan daerah hambat masing – masing adalah sebesar 29, 16 % dan 19, 22 %.
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