Indeks Keanekaragaman Arthopoda pada Pertanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) di Lapangan
The Diversity of Arthopoda on Rice Cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) in the Field
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/joa.v6i1.2520Keywords:
diversity, generative, insect, vegetative, keanekaragaman, generatif, serangga, vegetatifAbstract
The objective of the research was to determine diversity kind of arthopoda on rice cultivation in
vegetative and generative phases, and to know mayor pests and natural enemies on rice cultivation
in vegetative and generative phases, as well as to determine pest and natural enemies on rice. This
research was conducted in Tanjung Morawa Rice Main Seed Centre and Pest Laboratory, Faculty of
Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan from May 2015 until August 2015. In this
research used purposive sampling method. The result showed that insects trapped was yellow trap
in vegetative phase went 8 ordo consist of 27 family with total population of insect was 377, the
highest rate of Absolute Density (AD) was ordo Coleoptera (Coccinelidae) (27) with Relative
Density (RD) rate was7.09%, whereas, the lowest rate of AD was ordo Odonata (Libellulidae) was
(5) and RD rate was 1.31%. The generative phase was 8 ordo consist of 31 family, with total
population 1040. The highest AD rate was found in ordo Coleoptera (Carabidae) with 145 and RD
rate was 13.94%. The lowest rate of AD was ordo Coleoptera (Tenebrionidae) (13) and RD rate
was 1.25%. The rate of diversity index (H’) on vegetative phase was 2.640177 (moderate biodiversity). The rate of generative diversity index (H’) was 3.06409 (stable bio-diversity).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman arthopoda pada tanaman padi fase vegetatif dan fase generatif, dan untuk mengetahui hama dan musuh alami pada tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Benih Induk Tanjung Morawa dan di Laboratorium Hama Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan dari Mei 2015 sampai dengan Agustus 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serangga yang tertangkap pada perangkap yellow trap pada fase vegetatif adalah 8 ordo yang terdiri dari 27 famili dengan jumlah populasi serangga sebanyak 377, nilai Kerapatan Mutlak (KM) yang tertinggi terdapat pada ordo Coleoptera (Coccinelidae) yaitu sebanyak 27 dengan nilai Kerapatan Relatif (KR) sebesar 7,09%. Sedangkan KM terendah terdapat pada ordo Odonata (Libellulidae) yaitu sebanyak 5 dengan nilai KR 1,31%. Sedangkan fase generatif adalah sebanyak 8 ordo yang terdiri dari 31 famili, dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 1040. Nilai KM yang tertinggi terdapat pada ordo Coleoptera (Carabidae) yaitu sebanyak 145 dengan nilai KR 13,94 %. Sedangkan KM terendah terdapat pada ordo Coleoptera (Tenebrionidae) yaitu sebanyak 13 dengan nilai KR 1,25%. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) pada fase vegetatif sebesar 2,640177 dan memiliki biodiversitas sedang. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman Generatif (H’) sebesar 3,06409 dan memiliki biodiversitas stabil.
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