Hubungan Fraksi Kematangan Buah dan Ketinggian Tandan terhadap Jumlah Buah Memberondol pada Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di Kebun Rambutan PTPN III

The Relationship between Fraction of Fruit Maturity and Height of Fruit Bunches to the Number of Oil Palm Fruit at Harvesting Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in Palm Plantation Rambutan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III

Abstract

Hubungan Fraksi Kematangan Buah dan Ketinggian Tandan terhadap Jumlah Buah Memberondol pada Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di Kebun Rambutan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Rambutan PT Perkebunan Nusantara III, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara, yang dimulai pada bulan Desember 2014 sampai dengan Februari 2015 menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terpisah (RPT) faktorial, sebagai petak utama (main plot) adalah tinggi tandan sawit (6, 8 dan 10 m) dan anak petak (sub plot) adalah fraksi kematangan tandan kelapa sawit (fraksi 1, 2, 3 dan 4). Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah buah memberondol setelah panen, asam lemak bebas dan persentase berat buah memberondol dengan berat tandan setelah panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, semakin tinggi fraksi kematangan, nyata meningkatkan jumlah buah memberondol, asam lemak bebas dan persentase berat buah memberondol dengan berat tandan setelah panen. Semakin tinggi tandan yang dipanen, nyata menigkatkan jumlah buah memberondol, asam lemak bebas dan persentase berat buah memberondol dengan berat tandan setelah panen. Interaksi antara fraksi kematangan dan tinggi tandan berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati.

The Relationship between Fraction of Fruit Maturity and Height of Fruit Bunches to the Number of Oil Palm Fruit at Harvesting Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in Palm Plantation Rambutan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III. This research was conducted in Palm Plantation Rambutan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III, Serdang Bedagai District North Sumatra Province from December 2014 until February 2015 using Split Plot Design (SPD) factorial, the main plot is palm bunches height (6, 8 and 10 m) and the subplot is the fraction of oil palm bunches maturity (fraction 1, 2, 3 and 4). The parameters observed were the number of palm fruit that falls from the bunches, free fatty acids and percentages by weight of palm fruit the falls from the bunches with weight of bunches harvested. The results showed that the higher fraction of maturity, significantly increased the number of palm fruit that falls from the bunches, free fatty acids and percentages by weight palm fruit bunches with the fall of the bunches after harvest. The higher harvesting bunches, significantly increased the number of palm fruit that falls from the bunches, free fatty acids and percentages by weight palm fruit bunches with the fall of the bunches after harvest. The interaction between fraction of maturity and height of fruit bunches significantly effected on all parameters observed.