Pengaruh Aplikasi Biochar Sekam Padi dan Kulit Biji Kopi Terhadap Hara dan Zn Serta Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) di Tanah Sawah Jenuh P

Influence of Rice Husk Biochar and Coffee Husk Biochar Aplication on P and Zn Nutrient and The Growth of Rice Plants in Paddy Soil with High Total P

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of rice husk biocharand coffee husk biochar, to evaluate
difference effect of rice husk biocharand coffee husk biochar and to know effect of differencedose
of rice husk biochar and coffee husk biocharon phosphate and zinc, and rice growth in the paddy
soil with high total P. The research was conducted on the greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of North Sumatra, Medan. The soil which used from the paddy soil in LubukDendang,
Perbaungan, SerdangBedagai which has the high total P. The experiment was carried out using
completely randomized design with 7 treatment :Control; 10 ton/ha rice husk biochar;20 ton/ha rice
husk biochar; 30 ton/ha rice husk biochar;10 ton/ha coffee husk biochar;20 ton/ha coffee husk
biochar; 30 ton/ha coffee husk biochar. The Analysis of data used the analysis of variance and
contrast orthogonal test.Experimental results showed that rice husk biocharand coffee husk biochar
has significant effect on levels of Zn plant, but not significant effect on soil pH, available P, soil Zn
HCl 25%, levels of P plant, P uptake, Zn uptake and the growth of plants. Coffee husk biochar has
more potential than rice husk biochar to increasing levels of Zn plant. Dose of coffee husk biochar
20-30 ton/ha increasing levels of Zn plant higher than 10 ton/ha.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh aplikasi biochar sekam padi dan kulit biji kopi, mengevaluasi perbedaan efek biochar sekam padi dan kulit biji kopi, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan dosis biochar sekam padi dan kulit biji kopi terhadap hara P dan Zn serta pertumbuhan tanaman padi di tanah sawah jenuh P. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan pada bulan Juni sampai bulan Oktober 2016. Tanah yang digunakan diambil dari Desa Lubuk Dendang, Kec.Perbaungan, Kab. Serdang Bedagai yang memiliki kadar P total tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 7 perlakuan, yaitu : Kontrol, Biochar sekam padi 10 ton/ha, Biochar sekam padi 20 ton/ha, Biochar sekam padi 30 ton/ha, Biochar kulit biji kopi 10 ton/ha, Biochar kulit biji kopi 20 ton/ha, Biochar kulit biji kopi 30 ton/ha. Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan uji lanjut Kontras Ortogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi biochar sekam padi dan kulit biji kopi berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan kadar Zn tanaman, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH tanah, P Tersedia tanah, Zn HCl 25% tanah, kadar P tanaman, serapan P tanaman, serapan Zn tanaman dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Biochar kulit biji kopi lebih berpotensi meningkatkan kadar Zn tanaman dibandingkan dengan biochar sekam padi. Dosis biochar kulit biji kopi 20-30 ton/ha, meningkatkan kadar Zn tanaman lebih tinggi dibanding dosis 10 ton/ha.