Uji Antagonis Tanaman Bangun – Bangun (Plectranthus amboinicus Lour) sebagai Fungisida Nabati terhadap Jamur Akar Putih (Rigidoporus microporus Swartz) di Laboratorium dan di Lapangan

The Antagonism Test Bangun-Bangun Plant (Plectranthus amboinicus Lour) as Botanical Fungicides for White Root Rot (Rigidoporus microporus Swartz) in the Laboratory & in the Field

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bahan dan konsentrasi ekstrak yang optimal di
laboratorium dan mengetahui potensi daya hambat tanaman bangun-bangun terhadap patogen
penyebab penyakit jamur akar putih (Rigidoporu. microporus) secara langsung pada stum karet di
polibeg. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan areal rumah kassa Balai Penelitian Sungei
Putih dengan ketinggian tempat 80 m dpl, dimulai bulan September 2015 sampai Januari 2016.
Penelitian di laboratorium menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan 13
Perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan jenis bahan ekstrak adalah daun dan akar kering serta daun dan
akar segar sedangkan konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu 2,5; 5; 7,5% serta tanpa perlakuan (kontrol).
Penelitian di lapangan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua
faktor yaitu faktor jumlah tanaman bangun-bangun (0,2,4, dan 8) dan skala JAP (1dan 2) sehingga
diperoleh 8 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil terbaik di laboratorium didapat pada
perlakuan ekstrak akar kering metanol (A8 dan A9) dengan konsentrasi 5% dan 7,5% yang
memiliki daya hambat terbesar dalam menekan pertumbuhan JAP yaitu 74,00 % dan 75,67%. Hasil
terbaik di lapangan adalah perlakuan T1S1 yaitu 2 tanaman bangun-bangun dengan skala JAP 1
yang dapat menurunkan skala JAP hingga 0 pada stum karet.

This experiment was aimed to obtain the optimal extract ingredients and concentrations of the
bangun-bangun extract in laboratory and to determine the inhibition potency of bangun-bangun
plant against Rigidoporus microporus directly on the rubber stum in polybag. The experiment was
conducted in the laboratory and the experimental garden of Sungei Putih Research with ± 80 m
above mean sea level (amsl), from September 2015 to January 2016. Experiment in the laboratory
used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Non Factorial with thirteen treatments and three
replications. The treatments of extract ingredients were dried leaves,dried roots, fresh leaves and
fresh roots, while the extract concentrations were 0; 2.5; 5 and 7.5 %. Experiment in the field used
Randomized Block Design (RBD) of factorial using two factors, i.e. the number of bangun-bangun
plant factor (T) including 0,2,4, and 8 plants and white root rot pathogen scale factor (S) including 1
and 2, which had eight combinations of treatments and three replications. The best results of
antagonism test obtained in the laboratory were the treatment on dried roots extract, i.e. metanol
treatment (A9 & A8). Similarly, the concentrations at 5% and 7.5 % had the greatest inhibition in
suppressing the growth of white root rot pathogen. The best results of antagonism test obtained in
the field were the treatment T1S1, which were two bangun-bangun plants with scale 1 of white root
rot pathogen. They could decrease the white root rot pathogen scale to zero on stumped budding