Karakterisasi Molekuler Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) Asal Sumatera Utara Menggunakan Metode Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP)
Insect Molecular characterization of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera ; Curculionidae) From North Sumatra Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/joa.v6i2.2603Keywords:
Elaeidobius kamerunicus, Amplified Fragment Length Polimorphysm (AFLP), genetic diversity, oil palm, keragaman genetik, kelapa sawitAbstract
Elaeidobius kamerunicus introduced to Indonesia in Palm Research Center, Marihat. It is one
pollinator to pollinate palm. Genetic changes in these insects cause a decline in palm oil production.
The purpose of this study to determine the genetic diversity of it based molecular analysis
techniques AFLP using three primers. Primers used are HEX (EcoR1 ACA - Mse1 CTT), FAM
(EcoR1 AGG - Mse1 CAG) and FAM (EcoR1 AGG - Mse1 CTT). Analysis of genetic diversity
using the MEGA program version 6. Phylogenetic tree using 'Neighbor-Joining Tree'. AFLP
amplification product to 42 samples of genomic it and 3 Sitophilus oryzae genomic sample as a
control showed a high diversity. The analysis showed that itgenetically grouped separately with
S. oryzae. It contained in districts in North Sumatra has two large groups : group A1 and A2. Group
A1 consisting of Ajamu, Bah Birong Ulu, Binanga, Bukit Sentang, Marihat, Padang Madarsah and
PT. TPS Sibolga while the Group A2 consists of two regions, namely Marihat and Bah Birong Ulu
while S. oryzae contained in Medan form their own group.
Elaeidobius kamerunicus diintroduksi ke Indonesia di Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit, Marihat. E. kamerunicus merupakan salah satu pollinator dalam penyerbukan kelapa sawit. Perubahan genetik pada serangga ini menyebabkan turunnya produksi minyak kelapa sawit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik E. kamerunicus berdasarkan analisis molekuler dengan teknik AFLP menggunakan 3 primer. Primer yang digunakan yaitu HEX (EcoR1 ACA – Mse1 CTT), FAM (EcoR1 AGG – Mse1 CAG) and FAM (EcoR1 AGG – Mse1 CTT). Analisis keragaman genetik menggunakan program MEGA Versi 6. Pohon filogenetik menggunakan metode ‘Neighbor-Joining Tree’. Hasil amplifikasi AFLP terhadap 42 sampel genom E. kamerunicus dan 3 sampel genom Sitophilus oryzae sebagai kontrol menunjukkan adanya keragaman yang tinggi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa E. kamerunicus secara genetik dikelompokkan terpisah dengan S.oryzae. Serangga yang terdapat di kabupaten di Sumatera Utara memiliki dua kelompok besar yaitu kelompok A1 dan A2. Kelompok A1 terdiri dari Ajamu, Bah Birong Ulu, Binanga, Bukit Sentang, Marihat, Padang Madarsah dan PT. TPS Sibolga sedangkan Kelompok A2 terdiri dari 2 daerah yaitu Marihat dan Bah Birong Ulu sedangkan S. oryzae yang terdapat di Kota Medan membentuk kelompok sendiri.
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