Evaluasi Serangan Tikus Sawah (Rattus argentiventer Robb & Kloss) Setelah Pelepasan Burung Hantu (Tyto alba) di Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Evaluation of Rat's Attack (Rattus argentiventer Robb & Kloss) After Release of Owl (Tyto alba) in Deli Serdang

Abstract

Rat is the important rice pests. Damage on rice crops caused by rat's attack in Indonesia reached a
loss of 15-20% every year. This research aims to find out the rat's attack after release of owls. This
research was conducted in Desa Sidodadi Ramunia and Desa Baru Deli Serdang with the distance
about 22 km. This research was conducted from May until December 2016. This research used a
survey method. Determination of research areas with purposive sampling method. Determination
sample area using diagonal sampling method. Analyzed using Spearman's rank. The results show
that the active rat's nest in Desa Baru is more than Sidodadi Ramunia, it was on age 40 days after
planting (hst) in Desa baru there are 18 active nest while in Desa Sidodadi Ramunia none active
rat's nest. The highest percentage of attacks was found in Desa Baru with moderate category
(27.5%) , and the lowest in Desa Sidodadi Ramunia (0%). The highest production was in Desa
Sidodadi Ramunia (5.71 tons/ha) and the lowest production was in Desa Baru (3.11 tons/ha).
Correlation result showed that the corelation value of the active rat's nest with the percentage of
rat's attack is 0.917, correlation value of amount owl with active rat's nest is - 0.928, correlation
value amount of owl with the percentage of rat's attack - 0.866 and correlation value of farmer's
perception to controling rat's attack with crop production is 0.810.

Tikus sawah merupakan hama penting tanaman padi. Kerusakan akibat serangan tikus pada tanaman padi di Indonesia mencapai kerugian 15-20% setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui serangan tikus sawah setelah pelepasan burung hantu. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sidodadi Ramunia dan Desa Baru Kabupaten Deli Serdang dengan jarak 22 km. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Desember 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Penentuan daerah penelitian dengan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis rank's Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah sarang tikus aktif tertinggi terdapat di Desa Baru, pada umur 40 hari setelah tanam (hst) yaitu sebanyak 18 lubang dan terendah di Desa Sidodadi Ramunia dengan jumlah 0 lubang. Persentase serangan tertinggi terdapat di Desa Baru dengan kategori sedang (27,5%) dan terendah di Desa Sidodadi Ramunia (0%). Produksi tertinggi terdapat di Desa Sidodadi Ramunia (5,71 ton/ha) dan produksi terendah di Desa Baru (3,11 ton/ha). Hasil korelasi menunjukkan nilai korelasi dari jumlah sarang tikus aktif dengan intensitas serangan 0,917, nilai korelasi jumlah burung hantu dengan jumlah sarang tikus aktif - 0,928, nilai korelasi jumlah burung hantu dengan intensitas serangan tikus sawah - 0,866 dan nilai korelasi persepsi petani terhadap pengendalian tikus sawah dengan produksi panen 0,810.