Isolasi dan Identifikasi Golongan Senyawa Flavonoida dari Kulit Batang Kedondong Hutan (Spondias pinnata (L.fil.) Kurz)

Abstract

Isolation and identification of flavonoid compounds from the stem bark of kedondong hutan (Spondias pinnata (L.fil.) Kurz) were conducted through extraction, fractionation, chromatographic separation, purification, and spectroscopic characterization. A total of 3000 g of dried powdered stem bark was macerated with methanol. The concentrated extract was treated with ethyl acetate and partitioned with n-hexane to obtain a methanolic fraction. Separation was performed by silica-gel column chromatography using a chloroform:ethyl acetate gradient, and fraction 9 was purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography with chloroform:ethyl acetate (70:30, v/v). Purification yielded 7 mg of a yellow amorphous solid with an Rf value of 0.64. UV-Visible analysis showed absorption maxima at 360 and 276 nm. FT-IR analysis indicated O-H, aliphatic C-H, conjugated C=O, aromatic C=C, C-O-C, and aromatic C-H functionalities. The 1H-NMR spectrum displayed characteristic aromatic proton signals together with ethoxy-group signals. The combined chromatographic and spectroscopic data indicated that the isolated compound belongs to the flavonol class of flavonoids.