Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Oil Palm Clones (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Based on SSR Primer (Simple Sequence Repeats)

Abstract

SSR markers are very accurate tools for distinguishing genotypes from tissue culture, evaluating seed purity, mapping, and genotype selection for desired characters. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of oil palm clones (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) using simple sequence repeats with FR 0802, FR 0894, and  FR 1753 primers. This research was carried out in the Biotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of   Sumatra Utara. analyzed genetic materials were 29  BTC-60 clones of palm oil DNA from PT. Socfindo. From the results of the analysis using 3 primers with 4 bands with sizes ranging between 103 bp - 500 bp and the average percentage of polymorphism 33.3%. Calculation of distance and dendogram formation using DARwin 6.0 software. The results of the analysis showed that 29 clones were divided into 3 main groups with total molecular diversity of 55.86%, a high level of diversity stated that the occurrence of somaclonal variation. The genetic distance coefficient ranged from 0-0.91.