Illegal Online Loan (Pinjol) in Indonesia: Ethical and Human Rights Perspectives

Authors

  • Mikea Manitra Ramalina Ranaivo ASTA Research Center

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32734/rslr.v3i1.16206

Keywords:

Ethics, Fintech, Human Rights, Indonesia, Pinjol

Abstract

The objective of this research is to explore the pervasive issue of illegal online loan (Pinjol) in Indonesia, focusing on its implications on human rights and ethical standards. This research uses sociolegal research method combined with statutory, sociological and case study approach, using secondary data which are analysed qualitatively. Through an analysis of factors driving individuals towards illegal Pinjol, regulatory frameworks governing Pinjol transactions, and the alarming cases of human rights violations related to Pinjol, this research highlights the multifaceted nature of the problem. Drawing on insights from government initiatives, regulatory measures, and proposed solutions, this research underscores the importance of comprehensive strategies to address illegal Pinjol practices while protecting the rights and dignity of consumers. By advocating for public awareness campaigns, enhanced consumer protection measures, community engagement, and strengthened legal frameworks, Indonesia can achieve a fair and transparent digital economy that prioritizes the well-being of all Indonesian citizens.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anggraeni, R. (2023). Duh! Tren YOLO hingga FOMO Bikin Anak Muda Terjerat Utang Pinjol Ilegal. Bisnis.Com. https://finansial.bisnis.com/read/20231031/563/1709520/duh-tren-yolo-hingga-fomo-bikin-anak-muda-terjerat-utang-Pinjol-ilegal. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Anggraeni, R. (2024a). OJK Banjir 39.298 Pengaduan, Paling Banyak soal Bank dan Pinjol. Bisnis.Com. https://finansial.bisnis.com/read/20240203/90/1737926/ojk-banjir-39298-pengaduan-paling-banyak-soal-bank-dan-Pinjol. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Anggraeni, R. (2024b). OJK Terima 4.298 Pengaduan Soal Cara Debt Collector Pinjol Tagih Utang. Bisnis.Com. https://finansial.bisnis.com/read/20240203/563/1737953/ojk-terima-4298-pengaduan-soal-cara-debt-collector-Pinjol-tagih-utang. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Ardianti, T. P., & Apriani, R. (2023). Consumer Personal Data Legal Protection on Illegal Fintech Loans. Jurnal Meta-Yuridis, 6(1), 50–62.

Bachtiar. (2019). Metode Penelitian Hukum (O. Yanto (ed.); Issue 1). UNPAM PRESS.

BBC News Indonesia. (2023). Pinjol AdaKami diduga teror nasabah karena terlambat bayar cicilan - “Saya dibilang anak haram, orangtua dimaki dengan kasar.†https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cz986dygeeyo. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Fajar, A. M. (2023). INFOGRAFIS : Kasus- kasus Jeratan Pinjol hingga Berujung Petaka. Inilah.Com. https://www.inilah.com/infografis-kasus-kasus-jeratan-Pinjol-hingga-berujung-petaka. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Indonesian Civil Code (hereinafter referred as "KUHPerdata).

Indonesian Criminal Code (hereinafter referred as “KUHPidanaâ€).

Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights (hereinafter referred as “Human Rights Lawâ€), (1999).

Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (hereinafter referred as “Consumer Protection Lawâ€), (1999).

Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (hereinafter referred as “Consumer Protection Lawâ€), (1999).

Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transaction (hereinafter referred as “ITE Lawâ€), (2008).

Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016 Concerning Information Technology Based Money Lending And Borrowing Services (hereinafter referred as “POJK 77/2016â€), (2016).

Indonesian Fintech Lending Association Decision Letter Number 002/SK/COC/INT/IV/2020 (hereinafter referred as “SK AFPI 002/2022â€), (2020).

Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 10/POJK.05/2022 Concerning Information Technology Based Joint Funding Services (hereinafter referred as “POJK 10/2022â€), (2022).

Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 6/POJK.07/2022 Concerning Protection of Consumer and Community in Service Sector (hereinafter referred as “POJK 6/2022â€), (2022).

Financial Services Authority Circular Number 19/SEOJK.06/2023 concerning The Implementation Of Information Technology Based Joint Funding Services (hereinafter referred as “SOEJK 19/2023â€), (2023).

Junaidi, A., Wulandari, R., Susilowati, E., Safitri, N., & Ikhsan, M. (2023). A Literature Review on Fintech Innovations: Examining the Evolution, Impact, and Challenges. SEIKO : Journal of Management & Business, 6(2), 438–448.

Karnain, D. (2023). OJK Sebut Guru dan Pelajar Paling Sering Terjerat Pinjol Ilegal. Radarpalembang.Com. https://radarpalembang.disway.id/read/642473/ojk-sebut-guru-dan-pelajar-paling-sering-terjerat-Pinjol-ilegal. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Kasnandar, V. B. (2021). Ini 10 Penyebab Masyarakat Terjerat Pinjaman Online. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/09/27/ini-10-penyebab-masyarakat-terjerat-pinjaman-online. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Kusumaningsih, R., & Yulianingsih, D. (2023). Tantangan Regulasi Dan Perlindungan Hukum Dalam Pinjaman Online. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 2(2), 163–178.

Muhammad Ramli, Mulono Apriyanto, Ali Azhar, Feni Puspitasari, & KMS. Novyar Satriawan Fikri. (2023). Dampak Konsumen Terhadap Pinjaman Online (PINJOL). PaKMas: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(1), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.54259/pakmas.v3i1.1638

Munawaroh, N. (2023). 5 Ciri Pinjol Legal yang Harus Kamu Tahu. HukumOnline. https://www.hukumonline.com/klinik/a/5-ciri-Pinjol-legal-yang-harus-kamu-tahu-lt64182c962f2c8#_ftn5. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Nisrina, N. A., Anggraeni, D., & Adriyansyah, M. I. (2023). Terjadinya Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Akibat Pinjaman Online. (JOUMI): Journal Multidisiplin Indonesia, 1(2), 66–74.

Nurhayati, Y., Ifrani, I., & Said, M. Y. (2021). Metodologi Normatif dan Empiris Dalam Perspektif Hukum. Jurnal Penegakan Hukum Indonesia, 2(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.51749/jphi.v2i1.14

Pardosi, R. O. A. G., & Primawardani, Y. (2020). Perlindungan Hak Pengguna Layanan Pinjaman Online Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal HAM, 11(3), 353–368.

Pasaribu, M. P. J. (2021). Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Kedudukan Fintech Yang Tidak Terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum, 8(1), 48–58.

Poernomo, S. L. (2022). Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Praktik Teknologi Finansial Ilegal Dalam Bentuk Pinjaman Online Ilegal. Mimbar Keadilan, 15(1), 134–148. https://doi.org/10.30996/mk.v15i1.6081

Prastiyo, W. E., & Suartha, I. D. M. (2021). Debt Collection Violations in Financial Technology in a Cyber-ethic and Legal Perspective. Journal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia, 6(1), 13–21.

Sitepu, R. (2023). The Legal Intricacies of Illegal Pinjol and Pinjol. Journal of Social Research, 2(6), 2045–2054. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i6.957

Solikin, N. (2021). Pengantar Metodologi Penelitian Hukum (Tim Qiara Media (ed.)). CV. PENERBIT QUIARA MEDIA.

Subekti, & Tjitrosudibio. (2007). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. PT. Arga Printing.

Sugangga, R., & Sentoso, E. H. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pengguna Pinjaman Online (Pinjol) Ilegal. PAJOUL (Pakuan Jusitce Journal of Law), 1(1), 47–61.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights, (1948).

Widyastuti, A. Y. (2021). Pinjol Ilegal Kian Meresahkan , YLKI Soroti Literasi Fintech Masih Rendah. Tempo.Co. https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1502212/Pinjol-ilegal-kian-meresahkan-ylki-soroti-literasi-fintech-masih-rendah. Accessed on April 10, 2024.

Published

2024-05-20