Profil Pasien Dermatofitosis Superfisial di Rumah Sakit Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v7i2.24157Keywords:
Dermatofitosis, Infeksi Jamur, Keratin, Profil, Tinea, Dermatophytosis, Fungal Infection, ProfileAbstract
Background: Dermatophytosis is a fungal infection that affects keratinized tissues such as hair, skin, and nails. The disease remains common in tropical regions with high humidity, including Indonesia. Objective: This study aimed to determine the profile of patients with superficial dermatophytosis at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, during 2020–2024. Methods: This study employed a retrospective descriptive design. The study sample consisted of patients with superficial dermatophytosis treated at the Teaching Hospital of Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, from 2020 to 2024. Total sampling was applied. Results and Discussion: The prevalence of superficial dermatophytosis in Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis USU Hospital during 2020–2024 was 6.75% of all dermatology cases, with tinea corporis being the most common type (55.7%). The majority of patients were aged 18–59 years (54.8%), female (51.0%), unemployed (29.0%), and without comorbidities (81.0%). The most frequent clinical manifestation was erythema (71.4%), and diagnosis was most commonly established based on clinical presentation (64.3%). Ketoconazole was the most frequently prescribed treatment (82.9%). Most patients showed clinical improvement (79.0%), with a treatment duration of less than two weeks in most cases (68.6%). Conclusion: Superficial dermatophytosis predominantly affected adults and females, with tinea corporis as the most frequently identified type. Most patients responded well to therapy. The condition was more common among individuals with poor personal hygiene and those living in humid environments. Therefore, education on the importance of maintaining personal and environmental hygiene is necessary to prevent dermatophytosis.
Keywords: Dermatophytosis, Fungal Infection, Keratin, Profile, Tinea
Latar Belakang: Dermatofitosis adalah infeksi jamur yang menginfeksi bagian jaringan tubuh yang mempunyai kadar keratin tinggi, seperti pada rambut, kulit, dan kuku. Penyakit ini masih banyak ditemukan di wilayah beriklim tropis dengan tingkat kelembapan yang tinggi, seperti Indonesia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil pasien dermatofitosis superfisial di Rumah Sakit Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara pada tahun 2020-2024. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif retrospektif. Sampel yang digunakan merupakan pasien dermatofitosis superfisial di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA pada tahun 2020-2024 yang diambil menggunakan metode total sampling. Hasil dan Diskusi: Prevalensi pasien dermatofitosis superfisial di RS Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis USU pada tahun 2020-2024 sebesar 6,75% dari seluruh kasus penyakit kulit, dengan tipe terbanyak tinea korporis (55.7%). Mayoritas pasien berusia 18–59 tahun (54.8%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (51.0%), tidak bekerja (29.0%), dan tidak memiliki komorbid (81.0%). Manifestasi klinis tersering berupa eritema (71.4%), dengan diagnosis terbanyak berdasarkan gambaran klinis (64.3%). Terapi yang paling banyak diberikan adalah ketokonazol (82.9%). Sebagian besar pasien menunjukkan perbaikan klinis (79.0%) dengan lama pengobatan kurang dari dua minggu (68.6%). Kesimpulan: Dermatofitosis paling banyak dialami oleh usia dewasa dan perempuan dengan tipe yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu tinea korporis. Sebagian besar pasien menunjukkan respons baik terhadap terapi. Kondisi ini lebih sering terjadi pada individu dengan kebersihan diri yang kurang baik dan lingkungan lembap. Sehingga, diperlukan edukasi mengenai pentingnya menjaga kebersihan tubuh dan lingkungan untuk mencegah infeksi dermatofitosis.
Kata Kunci: Dermatofitosis, Infeksi Jamur, Keratin, Profil, Tinea
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