Kemiripan Komunitas Zooplankton sebagai Dasar Konfirmasi Konektivitas Habitat Pari Manta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/jafs.v5i2.25182Keywords:
konektivitas, habitat parimanta, rajaampat, zooplanktonAbstract
Kemiripan komposisi komunitas zooplankton pada habitat hotspot pari manta dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu pendekatan ekologis untuk memahami keterhubungan habitat makan. Pari manta merupakan megafauna laut yang memiliki mobilitas tinggi dan cenderung mengunjungi lokasi dengan ketersediaan makan yang sesuai, terutama dari kelompok zooplankton. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis komposisi, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, dan kemiripan komunitas zooplankton pada habitat hotspot pari manta di perairan Raja Ampat, serta mengevaluasi indikasi keterkaitannya dengan kemunculan pari manta dan parameter lingkungan. Penelitian dilakukan pada April-November 2021 di Selat Dampier dan Misool bagian tenggara. Sampel zooplankton dikumpulkan pada sepuluh hotspot pari manta menggunakan plankton net berdiameter 25 cm yang ditarik dari kedalaman 10 m dan 5 m menuju permukaan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui kelimpahan total, kelimpahan per hotspot, kelimpahan per region, indeks Shannon-Wiener, analisis Bray-Curtis, dendrogram, network similarity, korelasi, dan generalized linear model. Hasil menunjukkan komunitas zooplankton didominasi oleh Calanoid spp. dengan kelimpahan total 279 individu per sampel gabungan, diikuti oleh Oithona nana, Acartia clausi, Calanus helgolandicus, dan Oithona brevicornis. Misool bagian tenggara memiliki kelimpahan total zooplankton lebih tinggi dibandingkan Selat Dampier. Analisis dendrogram berbasis Bray-Curtis menunjukkan pembentukan dua kelompok utama, sedangkan network similarity menunjukkan kemiripan tinggi antara beberapa hotspot, terutama Manta Sandy, Eagle Nest, dan Arborek Barat. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa kesamaan komunitas zooplankton dapat menjadi proxy ekologis awal untuk memahami konektivitas habitat makan pari manta
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