Cerebral Toxoplasmosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infection in HIV Infected Patient

Authors

  • Rijalun Arridho Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, 25175, Indonesia
  • Raveinal Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, 25175, Indonesia
  • Dwitya Elvira Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, 25175, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32734/sumej.v7i2.11843

Keywords:

Cerebral toxoplasmosis, Empirical therapy, HIV infection, Immunodeficiency

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by Toxopasma gondii, which affects one third of the global human population and commonly involves the central nervous system (CNS)/brain. The diagnosis of obvious sign of imaging method cerebral toxoplasmosis is commonly reported in several case report, but subclinical sign of imaging is uncommon reported. We reported a case of 28-years-old male with chief complaint headache that worsening since 3 days before admission. He was first recognized as HIV infected patient on hospital admission. CT scan revealed minimal perifocal oedema in left frontal region. Patient was diagnosed as cerebral toxoplasmosis and latent tuberculosis infection in HIV clinical stadium IV. Patient recieved empirical therapy of cerebral toxoplasmosis and symptom relieved after 7 days of treatment. Cerebral toxoplasmosisis typically associated with HIV infected patient that result in the reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii infection. Clinical presentation of CNS toxoplasmosis varies and normal brain CT can be found despited presumptive diagnosis was revealed.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

A.S. Fauci, H.C. Lane. “Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: AIDS and related disorders,” In: Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Longo DL, Braunwald E, Hause SL, Jameson JL.editors. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 17 th ed. The United States of America: McGraw-Hill, pp. 115-118, 2010.

R. Zawadzki, S. Modzelewski, M. Naumowicz, A.M. Matyja, A.D. Urbaniak, J. Zajkowska, et al. “Evaluation of imaging methods in cerebral toxoplasmosis,” Pol J Radiol, vol. 88 pp. e389-98, 2023.

J.E. Vial. “HIV realted cerebral toxoplasmosis revisited: current concepts and controversies of an old disease”. J Int Prov AIDS Care, vol. 18, pp. 1-20, 2019.

J. Prandota. “Recurrent headache as the main symptom of acquired cerebral toxoplasmosis in nonhuman immunodeficiency virus infected subjects with no lymphadenopathy,” A J Therapeutic, vol. 14, pp. 63-106, 2007.

A.K. Graham, C. Fong, A. Naqvi, J. Giang. “Toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system: Manifestation vary with immune response,” J Neurol Sci, vol. 11, pp. 1-13, 2020.

W.T. Harrison, C. Hulette. “Cerebral toxoplasmosis: A case report with correlation of radiographic imaging, surgical pathology, and autopsy findings,” pp. 495-501, 2017.

J.E. Vidal. “HIV-related cerebral toxoplasmosis revisited: current concepts and controversies of and old disease,” vol. 18, pp. 1-20, 2019.

Published

2024-05-01

How to Cite

1.
Arridho R, Raveinal, Dwitya Elvira. Cerebral Toxoplasmosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infection in HIV Infected Patient. Sumat. Med. J. [Internet]. 2024May1 [cited 2024Jul.3];7(2):75-8. Available from: https://talenta.usu.ac.id/smj/article/view/11843