Biological Markers to Detect Periodontal Severity in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review

Megawati; Pitu Wulandari; Lutfi Putra Perdana

doi:10.32734/dentika.v29i1.24934

Authors

Megawati Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pitu Wulandari Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lutfi Putra Perdana Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32734/dentika.v29i1.24934

Keywords:

Periodontitis, Biomarkers, Postmenopausal Women, saliva yang distimulasi, Inflammatory Cytokines, Systematic Review

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a significant health concern, particularly in postmenopausal women due to hormonal changes affecting immune response and bone metabolism. This study reviews non-invasive biomarkers for detecting and monitoring disease severity through a literature search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct (2015–2025). Five studies found that biomarkers such as salivary cytokines, calcium, estradiol, calprotectin, and serum markers are significantly associated with periodontal clinical parameters. These biomarkers show potential for early detection and personalized management, although further research is still needed.