Assessing Visual Health Awareness: Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Towards Refractive Errors at SMP Harapan 2 Medan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v8i1.25833Keywords:
attitude, behavior, knowledge, junior high school students, refractive error, kelainan refraksi, pengetahuan, perilaku, sikap, siswa sekolah menengah pertamaAbstract
Background: Uncorrected refractive errors are a leading cause of visual impairment globally, significantly impacting students' learning capacity and academic performance. Junior high school students are particularly vulnerable to this condition due to increasing digital device usage and prolonged screen time.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding eye health and the prevalence of refractive errors among students at SMP Harapan 2 Medan.
Methods: This analytical observational study utilized a cross-sectional design. A total sampling technique was employed, involving all students at SMP Harapan 2 Medan. Data were collected through validated questionnaires and visual acuity examinations. Statistical analysis was performed using Somers’ D bivariate test to evaluate the correlations between variables. The study received institutional ethical approval.
Results: Among the 50 respondents, the majority demonstrated good levels of knowledge (66.0%) and positive attitudes (70.0%) toward refractive errors. However, only 38.0% exhibited good health behaviors, while 54.0% displayed moderate behavioral patterns. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between refractive errors and students' knowledge levels (p = 0.020), attitudes (p = 0.032), and behaviors (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: There are statistically significant associations between the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors and the prevalence of refractive errors among students at SMP Harapan 2 Medan. These findings underscore the importance of targeted educational interventions to improve health-seeking behaviors and mitigate the progression of refractive errors in adolescent populations.
Keyword: Attitude, behavior, knowledge, junior high school students, and Refractive error
Latar Belakang : Kelainan refraksi yang tidak terkoreksi merupakan penyebab utama gangguan penglihatan di tingkat global dan dapat berdampak serius pada kemampuan belajar serta prestasi akademik siswa. Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) sangat rentan terhadap kondisi ini akibat peningkatan penggunaan perangkat digital dan durasi waktu layar yang tinggi.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku siswa di SMP Harapan 2 Medan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling yang dilakukan pada siswa di SMP Harapan 2 Medan. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan pemeriksaan tajam penglihatan (visus), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik bivariat Somers' D untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antar variabel. Penelitian ini telah mendapatkan izin etik.
Hasil: Dari total 50 responden, ditemukan bahwa mayoritas siswa memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik (66,0%) dan sikap yang baik (70,0%) terhadap kelainan refraksi. Namun, hanya 38,0% siswa yang menunjukkan perilaku yang baik, sementara 54,0% memiliki perilaku yang cukup. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan siswa dengan kelainan refraksi mata (p = 0,020). Hubungan yang signifikan juga ditemukan antara tingkat sikap dengan kelainan refraksi mata (p = 0,032). Selain itu, terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara tingkat perilaku siswa dengan kelainan refraksi mata (p = 0,001).
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku siswa di SMP Harapan 2 Medan dengan prevalensi kelainan refraksi mata.
Kata kunci: Kelainan refraksi, pengetahuan, perilaku, sikap, dan siswa sekolah menengah pertama.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rafi Anggia Hogantara Tambunan, Fauzan Azmi Hasti Habibi Samosir, Ramadhan Bestari, Ichwan Alamsyah Lubis , Dody Firmanda, Ahmad Rauf Tondi Tambunan
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