Hubungan Riwayat Kelahiran Prematur dan BBLR dengan Gangguan Pendengaran pada Anak di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Periode 2016-2018

Authors

  • Sonyalita Gultom Student
  • Andrina Y. M. Rambe Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Kepala dan Leher, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v2i2.3451

Keywords:

hearing impairment, low birth weight, otoacoustic emission, preterm labor, BBLR, gangguan pendengaran, kelahiran prematur

Abstract

Background: Children with preterm labor and low birth weight history tend to suffer various health complications, from growth and development problems, inadequate organ functions, and central nervous system disturbances. Hearing impairment is the most common health problem that occurs in children with preterm labor and low birth weight history. Hearing impairment affects speech and language learning in children, since children need to comprehend various types of voices to learn speech and language thoroughly. Hearing examination is important to be done as early as possible. Hearing function can be examined as newborns reached 2 days after labor (48 hours). Hearing examination that is recommended for babies and children is Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) examination, since it is easy to conduct, no requirement for trained operator, is safe, and objectively accurate.

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between preterm labor and low birth weight history with hearing impairment incidence in children in the General Hospital Haji Adam Malik in 2016-2018.

Methods: This study is an analytic-observational research using cross sectional design. The research data was taken from the children medical records in 2016-2018. Data is then analyzed using statistics program.

Results: The result in this research showed no correlation between preterm labor (p = 0.684) and low birth weight (p = 1.000) history with hearing impairment in children.

Conclusion: In conclusion, there are no correlations between preterm labor and low birth weight history with hearing impairment in children.

Keywords: hearing impairment, low birth weight, otoacoustic emission, preterm labor

 

Latar Belakang: Anak-anak dengan riwayat prematur dan BBLR berisiko mengalami komplikasi-komplikasi kesehatan, mulai dari masalah pertumbuhan, belum sempurnanya fungsi berbagai organ, hingga permasalahan pada fungsi otak. Gangguan pendengaran merupakan komplikasi yang paling umum dijumpai pada bayi prematur dan BBLR. Gangguan pendengaran sangat berpengaruh terhadap proses belajar berbicara dan berbahasa pada anak, karena anak harus dapat mendengar dan membedakan berbagai jenis suara dengan baik untuk dapat belajar berbicara dan berbahasa. Untuk itu, pemeriksaan gangguan pendengaran harus dilakukan sedini mungkin. Pemeriksaan gangguan pendengaran dapat dilakukan sejak bayi baru lahir, yaitu saat bayi memasuki usia 2 hari (48 jam). Pemeriksaan gangguan pendengaran yang umum dilakukan untuk bayi dan anak adalah OAE (Otoacoustic Emission), sebab penggunannya mudah, tidak membutuhkan tenaga terlatih, tidak invasif, dan hasilnya objektif.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara riwayat kelahiran prematur dan BBLR dengan gangguan pendengaran pada anak di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Periode 2016-2018.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik dengan desain cross sectional dan dilakukan di RSUP Haji Adam Malik. Sampel penelitian diambil dari data sekunder yang berupa rekam medis anak di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Periode 2016-2018. Data yang telah didapatkan, kemudian, diuji dengan menggunakan program komputer.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara riwayat kelahiran prematur (p = 0,684) dan BBLR (p = 1,000) dengan gangguan pendengaran pada anak.

Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor risiko riwayat kelahiran prematur dan BBLR (Berat Badan Lahir Rendah) tidak memiliki hubungan terhadap terjadinya gangguan pendengaran pada anak.

Kata Kunci: BBLR, gangguan pendengaran, kelahiran prematur, otoacoustic emission

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Published

2021-02-12

How to Cite

1.
Gultom S, Rambe AYM. Hubungan Riwayat Kelahiran Prematur dan BBLR dengan Gangguan Pendengaran pada Anak di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Periode 2016-2018. SCRIPTA SCORE Sci Med J. [Internet]. 2021Feb.12 [cited 2024Nov.23];2(2):84-9. Available from: https://talenta.usu.ac.id/scripta/article/view/3451

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal

Section

Research Article

Copyright (c) 2021 Sonyalita Gultom, Andrina Y. M. Rambe

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