Agronomic characteristics and radiosensitivity level of the Rubaru shallot irradiated by gamma rays
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/injar.v8i3.16838Keywords:
irradiation, physical mutation, radiosensitivity, shallotAbstract
The Rubaru shallots are resistant to various abiotic and biotic stresses, such as high salinity and Fusarium wilt disease. However, this shallot was unable to flower even after flowering was induced by cold temperatures and increasing day length, as well as polyploidy methods. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase the genetic diversity of the Rubaru variety of shallots through the induction of physical mutations with gamma ray irradiation. This research aims to determine the agronomic characteristics and radiosensitivity level of the Rubaru shallot (Allium cepa L.) resulting from gamma-ray irradiation. The research used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor, namely the dose of gamma ray irradiation (G), which consists of 5 levels as follows: G0 (control), G1 (2 Gy), G2 (4 Gy), G3 (6 Gy), G4 (8 Gy). The gamma-ray irradiation treatment had a very significant effect on agronomic characteristics, namely plant length and number of leaves, number of bulbs per cluster, bulb diameter, bulb fresh weight per cluster, bulb dry weight per cluster, and weight of the largest bulb per cluster. Gamma irradiation treatment with a dose of 2 Gy produced the highest number of bulbs and bulb diameter, with the largest weight of < 3g. Meanwhile, a dose of 8 Gy had a real effect on all parameters in inhibiting the growth of the Rubaru shallot. The calculated lethal dose (LD50) value is 6.18 Gy.
Downloads
References
[1] Alwaniya, "Preferensi konsumen terhadap bawang merah lokal Rubaru di Pasar Banasare," Cemara, vol. 16, pp. 17-23, 2019.
[2] B. Baswarsiati and C. Tafakresnanto, "Kajian penerapan good agricultural practices (GAP) bawang merah Di Nganjuk dan Probolinggo," Agrika, vol. 13, p. 147, 2019.
[3] F. Putri, "Karakteristik bahan bioaktif, pertumbuhan, dan produksi daun bawang merah pada ketinggian tempat, musim dan dosis pupuk yang berbeda," Skripsi, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, 2021.
[4] S. Putrasamedja, and A. H. Permadi, "Pembungaan beberapa kultivar bawang merah di Dataran Tinggi," Buletin Penelitian Hortikultura, vol. 26, pp. 145-150, 1994.
[5] F. Fairuzia, S. Sobir, A. Maharijaya, M. Ochiai, and K. Yamada, “Longday photoperiod accelerates flowering in Indonesian non-flowering shallot variety,” Journal of Agricultural Science, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 216-224, 2022.
[6] K. M. Khokhar, "Flowering and Seed Development in Onion—A Review," Open Access Library Journal, vol. 1, no. e1049, 2014, doi:10.4236/oalib.1101049.
[7] E. Kovacs and A. Keresztes, "Effect of gamma and UV-B/C radiation on plant cells," Micron, vol. 33, pp. 199-210, 2002.
[8] W. S. Kurniajati, S. Sobir, and S. I. Aisyah, "Determination of gamma ray irradiation doses in increasing diversity to improve quantitative characteristics of shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum)," Scientific Journal of Isotope and Radiation Applications, vol. 16, pp. 83-89, 2020.
[9] A. A. Asza, I. R. Moeljani, and Y. Koentjoro, "Induksi radiasi sinar gamma 60 CO dosis 3 Gy terhadap keragaman genetik populasi mutan (M4) tanaman bawang merah varietas bauji," Jurnal Agrohita: Jurnal Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 332–336, 2022.
[10] A. K. Singh and S. Anjana, "Effect of gamma irradiation on morphological changes, flowering and induced mutants in Gladiolus," Indian Journal of Horticulture, vol. 72, pp. 84-87, 2015.
[11] R. Astaneh, Khademi, S. Bolandnazar, F.Z. Nahandi, and S. Oustan, "Effects of selenium on enzymatic changes and productivity of garlic under salinity stress," South African Journal of Botany, vol. 121, pp. 447-455, 2019.
[12] G. Yelni, Z. Syarif, M. Kasim, and H. P. Dewi, "Meningkatkan keragaman genetik bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) melalui mutasi irradiasi gamma," Jurnal Sains Agro, vol. 4, pp. 1-13, 2019.
[13] A. U. Batubara, "Karakter pertumbuhan bawang merah (Allium ascalocum L.) varietas lokal Samosir pada beberapa dosis iradiasi sinar gamma," J. Online Agroteknologi, vol. 3, pp. 246-434, 2015.
[14] A. S. Widiastuti, "Analisis keragaman manggis (Garcinia mangostana) diiradiasi dengan sinar gamma berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi dan anatomi," Nusantara Bioscience, vol. 1, pp. 23-33, 2010.
[15] M. Afwan, "Induksi mutasi fisik iradiasi sinar gamma 60co pada umbi bawang merah (Allium cepa var ascalonikum. Linn) varietas bauji," Skripsi, Fakultas Pertanian, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur, Surabaya, 2020.
[16] J. Ginting, N. Rahmawati, and M. Mariati, "Perubahan karakter agronomi bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) aksesi simanindo samosir akibat pemberian berbagai dosis iradiasi sinar gamma," Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Universitas Sumatera Utara, vol. 3, pp. 340-349, 2014.
[17] T. Ashagrie, D. Belew, and A. Nebiyu, "Influence of planting date and bulb size on yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) seed production," Cogent Food & Agriculture, vol. 7, p. 19086, 2021.
[18] R. Zaka, C. Chenal, and M. T. Misset, "Effect of low doses of short-term gamma irradiation on growth and development through two generations of Pisum sativum," Science of the Total Environment, vol 2, pp. 121-129, 2004.
[19] N. K. T. Suandayani, G. N. Sutapa, and I. G. A. Kasmawan, "Quality control of x-rays with collimator and the beam alignment test tool," International Journal of Physical Sciences and Engineering, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 7-15, 2020.
[20] P. L. Nurrachmamila, and T. B. Saputro, "Analisis daya perkecambahan padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas bahbutong hasil iradiasi," Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS, vol. 6, pp. 2337-2342, 2017.
[21] S. Hartati, A.W. Setiawan, and T. D. Sulistyo, "Efek radiasi sinar gamma pada pertumbuhan vegetatif anggrek vanda hibrid," Agrotechnology Research Journal, vol. 6, pp. 80-86, 2022.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
