Household Food Security under Social Forestry: Evidence from a Forest Farmer Group in the Drylands of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/jsi.v9i01.23477Keywords:
Agroforestry, Household Food Security, Institutions, Non-Timber Forest Products, Socioeconomic Factors, SustainabilityAbstract
Forest farmer households in tropical dryland areas represent a vulnerable group whose livelihoods depend heavily on forest resources and rain-fed agriculture, making their food security critical for rural resilience and sustainable development. This study analyzes the food security of forest farmer households who are members of the Fetomnasi Forest Farmers Group in Sillu Village, Fatuleu District, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The research examines the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics, the utilization of non-timber forest products, agroforestry practices, and household food security levels. Data were collected from 24 households through structured interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Household Food Security Index, and Pearson's correlation test. The results indicate an average food security index score of 0.65, classified as adequate food security. Variations in food security status among households are influenced by income, education, access to information, and the capacity to utilize non-timber forest products. The Fetomnasi Forest Farmers Group plays a strategic role in strengthening household food security through the coordination of agricultural and forestry activities, technical training, facilitation of government assistance, and the development of social capital such as trust and cooperation among members. However, institutional performance remains constrained by limited capital, infrastructure, and management capacity. Strengthening institutional governance, improving access to financial resources, and promoting agroforestry diversification are essential to enhance food security resilience and ensure the sustainability of forest-based livelihoods in tropical drylands. Futere research should examine longitudinal changes in household food security and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of institutional interventions in dryland social forestry systems.
Downloads
References
[1] M. A. Mouchet et al., “Bundles of ecosystem (dis) services and multifunctionality across European landscapes,” Ecol. Indic., vol. 73, pp. 23–28, 2017.
[2] C. Duffy et al., “Agroforestry contributions to smallholder farmer food security in Indonesia,” Aug. 01, 2021, Springer Science and Business Media B.V. doi: 10.1007/s10457-021-00632-8.
[3] A. Sudomo et al., “Can agroforestry contribute to food and livelihood security for Indonesia’s smallholders in the climate change era?,” Agriculture, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 1896, 2023.
[4] M. I. Saleh and R. Ariandi, “Model Agroforestry yang Diterapkan Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) Berbasis Agribisnis di Desa Ulusaddang Kabupaten Pinrang,” J. Galung Trop., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 191–202, 2023.[5] G. N. Njurumana and D. Octavia, “Conservation species of NTFPS through agroforestry for community livelihoods in Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara,” J. Sylva Indones., vol. 3, no. 01, pp. 1–16, 2020.
[6] R. H. Nicholas Minot, Samson Dejene, “Food and nutrition security in Nusa Tenggara Timur : Results from the 2017 Food and Nutrition Security Survey Food and nutrition security in Nusa Tenggara Timur : Results from the 2017 Food and Nutrition Security Survey,” 2017.
[7] G. M. Perdananugraha et al., “Food Security in Rural District of Indonesia: Case Study of Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara Province Reality and Challenges,” East Nusa Tenggara Prov. Real. Challenges, 2024.
[8] FAO, “Ensuring food security: why agency and sustainability matter,” Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. [Online]. Available: https://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe/insights/news-insights/news-detail/ensuring-food-security--why-agency-and-sustainability-matter/en
[9] Y. Yusriadi, “Sustaining food security through social capital in agroforestry: a qualitative study from North Luwu, Indonesia,” Front. Sustain. Food Syst., vol. 9, p. 1580017, 2025.
[10] FAO; IFAD; UNICEF; WFP; WHO;, The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI). Rome, Italy ; FAO ; IFAD ; UNICEF ; WFP ; WHO ;, 2025.
[11] World Food Programme (WFP), “Food Expenditure Share (FES). Updated October 9, 2025. Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping (VAM) Resources Manual.” Accessed: Nov. 08, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://vamresources.manuals.wfp.org/docs/food-expenditure-share
[12] A. Akbar, R. Darma, I. M. Fahmid, and A. Irawan, “Determinants of household food security during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 5, p. 4131, 2023.
[13] F. A. Nugraha, T. Ekowati, and S. Gayatri, “STUDY ON FOOD SECURITY AMONG FARM HOUSEHOLDS PARTICIPATING IN THE SUSTAINABLE FOOD YARD (SFY) PROGRAM IN SEMARANG CITY,” Agric, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 237–250, 2023.
[14] I. A. Juliannisa, H. Rahma, S. Mulatsih, and A. Fauzi, “Regional Vulnerability to Food Insecurity: The Case of Indonesia,” Sustainability, vol. 17, no. 11, p. 4800, 2025.
[15] E. Antriyandarti, U. Barokah, W. Rahayu, D. H. Laia, and A. Asami, “Factors associated with food security of dryland farm households in the karst mountains of Gunungkidul Indonesia,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 11, p. 8782, 2023.
[16] D. Herdiansyah, U. Noorlatifah, R. Nur, E. Y. Andi, A. Mega, and F. Dzul, “The relationship between food consumption, income, and food expenditure with household food security in Caringin District Bogor,” Media Gizi Indones., vol. 19, pp. 11–16, 2024.
[17] D. M. Ardianti and D. Hartono, “Internet use and agricultural household food insecurity in Indonesia,” J. Ekon. Pembang. Kaji. Masal. Ekon. dan Pembang., pp. 179–191, 2022.
[18] S. Ginting, A. Wongta, S. Yadoung, S. Ounjaijean, and S. Hongsibsong, “Food Insecurity and Community Resilience Among Indonesia’s Indigenous Suku Anak Dalam,” Sustainability, vol. 17, no. 17, p. 7750, 2025.
[19] P. Astaman, A. N. Hikmah, M. Dassir, and S. Nadirah, “Natural Resource Capital for Sustainable Livelihoods in Social Forestry Areas: A Case Study from Enrekang Regency,” Tarjih Agribus. Dev. J., vol. 4, no. 02, pp. 197–208, 2024.
[20] E. W. Riptanti, M. Masyhuri, I. Irham, and A. Suryantini, “The ability of dryland farmer households in achieving food security in food-insecure area of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.,” AIMS Agric. Food, vol. 5, no. 1, 2020.
[21] S. Setiani, D. E. Wijayanti, and M. W. Priyanto, “Determinant of Maize Farmers Household Food Security in Dry Land Madura Island, Indonesia,” Agrisocionomics J. Sos. Ekon. Pertan., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 41–56, 2025.
[22] H. Gunawan et al., “Integrating social forestry and biodiversity conservation in Indonesia,” Forests, vol. 13, no. 12, p. 2152, 2022.
[23] M. N. Yusuf, “DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: AN EVIDENCE FROM SMALL FARMERS IN SWAMP AGROECOSYSTEMS IN CIAMIS, INDONESIA,” Agrisocionomics J. Sos. Ekon. Pertan., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 166–182, 2024.
[24] S. Hadi, H. Aprisco, M. F. Abdillah, and B. Suroso, "The exėmplary role of farmer institutional administrators as a strengthener for the holistic and integrative reform of the agricultural development paradigm, Holist. J. Trop. Agric. Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 21-43, 2025.
[25] A. W. Widada, M. Masyhuri, and J. H. Mulyo, “Determinant factors of food security in Indonesia,” Agro Ekon., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 205–219, 2017.
[26] D. Yuniarti and Y. Purwaningsih, “Household Food Security and Vulnerability: the Sustainable Livelihood Framework. Jejak: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan, 10 (2), 223–241,” 2017.
[27] F. Rahmanto, E. P. Purnomo, and A. N. Kasiwi, “Food diversification: strengthening strategic efforts to reduce social inequality through sustainable food security development in Indonesia.,” 2021.
[28] D. Yuniarti, Y. Purwaningsih, A. M. Soesilo, and A. Suryantoro, “Food Diversification and Dynamic Food Security: Evidence from Poor Households,” J. Ekon. Pembang. Kaji. Masal. Ekon. Dan Pembang., pp. 43–55, 2022.[29] M. Antara, A. Lamusa, M. K. Laksmayani, D. Tangkesalu, and E. Imran, “Income Diversity and Other Socioeconomic Factors That Influence the Household Food Security of Small-Scale Lowland Rice Farmers in Indonesia," Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Plan., vol. 18, no. 3, 2023.
[30] D. Lesmana, S. Nurfillah, and Q. Aini, “Strengthening Farmers’ Institutions Based on Social Capital in Supporting Food Security in Kutai Kartanegara District, Indonesia,” J. Agric. Ecol. Res. Int., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 78–89, 2025.
[31] N. Kurniasih, S. I. Mulyani, and H. Hendris, “Local Resources-Based Community Empowerment Model to Achieve Food Security in the Indonesian Border Community of North Sebatik,” J. Kawistara, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 56–68, 2023.
[32] N. Hanani, R. Asmara, F. Fahriyah, and S. Sujarwo, “THE ROLES OF RURAL INSTITUTIONS ON FOOD SECURITY POLICY IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE INDONESIA,” Agric. Socio-Economics J., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 126–135, 2016.
[33] R. Ramadhan, M. D. Afiq, A. Anggara, and J. Triwanto, “Community welfare and forest sustainability in social forestry programs: A case study of KTH Bhakti Alam Lestari in Malang, East Java,” Indones. J. For. Res., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 13–26, 2025.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
