Integrated Lean and VRP Model for Reducing Logistics Costs in MSMEs: A Review Study
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32734/jsti.v28i4.26157Keywords:
lean logistic, Vehicle Routing Problem, MSMEs, logistics costs, model integrationAbstract
This study aims to synthesize the literature on the integration of Lean Logistics and the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) in reducing logistics costs for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, as well as to formulate a conceptual framework for an integrated model that aligns with the characteristics of MSMEs. The method used was a systematic literature review, with a literature selection procedure involving identification, screening, and assessment of suitability from the Google Scholar and Scopus databases, as well as university repositories. Ten selected articles were analyzed using a thematic approach to identify patterns, similarities, differences, and research gaps. The synthesis results indicate that the separate application of Lean and VRP has proven effective in reducing distribution costs, yielding distance savings of 15-60% and cost savings of 15-40%; however, the integration of these two approaches into a single unified model remains rare among Indonesian MSMEs. This study proposes a conceptual framework for a sequential Lean-VRP integration model consisting of four stages: identification and elimination of waste using Value Stream Mapping; VRP modeling that accounts for residual waste; simulation and validation; and implementation and continuous improvement. The contribution of this research is to provide a conceptual framework that is adaptable to the resource constraints of SMEs and serves as a foundation for the development of integrated mathematical models in future research.
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