Analysis of Work Motivation Factors Among Experts Affecting Construction Project Productivity (Case Study: USU Sport Science Facility Construction Project)

Abstract

The construction industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly, making project success highly dependent on human resource management, particularly expert personnel. Construction experts play a crucial role in planning, supervising, and implementing construction work. However, problems such as suboptimal coordination, time pressure, material permit delays, and operational disruptions can reduce expert work motivation, ultimately impacting project productivity. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the work motivation of construction project experts and to analyze their assessments of motivational factors affecting project productivity. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, with data collected through direct interviews and questionnaires administered to 10 experts involved in the Sport Science Building Project at Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using mean values and the Relative Importance Index (RII) to determine the relative importance and rank the dominant factors. The results indicate that the most dominant motivational factor affecting expert productivity is ‘Good teamwork’ (X21) with an RII value of 0.90 (very high category). In terms of factor groups, extrinsic factors (RII = 0.825) dominate over intrinsic factors (RII = 0.797) and social and self-development factors (RII = 0.775). The most influential productivity indicator is ‘Ability to use time and resources efficiently’ (Y7) with RII = 0.85. This study concludes that expert work motivation is simultaneously influenced by extrinsic, intrinsic, and social and self-development factors. These findings are consistent with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, ERG theory, and McClelland’s needs theory, demonstrating that the fulfillment of basic needs, social connectedness, and achievement drives collectively encourage experts to work optimally and productively.